Do nuclear <scp>DNA</scp> and dental nonmetric data produce similar reconstructions of regional population history? An example from modern coastal <scp>K</scp>enya

Hubbard, Amelia; Guatelli‐Steinberg, Debbie; Irish, Joel D.

doi:10.1002/ajpa.22714

Cited by 57 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 62 publications

(55 reference statements)

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“…Dental nonmetric traits are particularly useful in detecting relationships between past human groups, because twin and family studies have shown that many of them are under strong genetic control (Alt, 1997;Scott & Turner, 1997). In a recent study, Hubbard et al (2015) showed that relationship patterns among groups based on dental morphology are correlated with those obtained by nuclear DNA. Thus, dental morphology can be used as a proxy for genomic data when none are available.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Evidence for Migration Influx into the Ancient Greek Colony of Metaponto: A Population Genetics Approach Using Dental Nonmetric Traits

Rathmann

Semerari

Harvati

2016

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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Ancient Greek colonies were founded by Greek seafarers all along the Mediterranean coast as early as the eighth century bc. Despite extensive archaeological and historical research, the population structure of the inhabitants of Greek colonies and their relationship to indigenous populations are still debated. Here, we perform a biodistance analysis to reconstruct migration and gene flow between the ancient Greek colony of Metaponto (southern Italy) and indigenous groups in the surrounding hinterland (900–250 bc). We collected dental nonmetric trait data of 355 human skeletons from the indigenous Italic sites of Santa Maria d'Anglona, Incoronata and Passo di Giacobbe. This data set is compared with an urban and rural sample of the Greek colony of Metaponto comprising 351 individual dentitions. The R‐matrix approach is used to estimate inter‐population relationships and FST. The resulting kinship coefficients indicate that the three indigenous groups exhibit greater similarity to each other and possess lesser similarity to the two Metapontian samples. Interestingly, the two samples of Metaponto are least similar to each other, although they are geographically very close. The FST estimates confirm this pattern and reveal greater biological variation between the two nearby Metaponto samples (FST = 0.0603) than between the three geographically fairly distant indigenous groups (FST = 0.0389). We conclude that the Greek colony of Metaponto included large numbers of people with diverse geographical origins, whereas the indigenous Italic communities of the surrounding hinterland exhibited high levels of homogeneity and cohesion. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In a recent study, Hubbard et al . () showed that relationship patterns among groups based on dental morphology are correlated with those obtained by nuclear DNA. Thus, dental morphology can be used as a proxy for genomic data when none are available.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for Migration Influx into the Ancient Greek Colony of Metaponto: A Population Genetics Approach Using Dental Nonmetric Traits

Rathmann

Semerari

Harvati

2016

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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“…Recent research has confirmed this and identified congruence in dental phenotypic and neutral genetic datasets from globally distributed populations, with correlations as high as r = 0.635 (Rathmann, Reyes‐Centeno, et al, ). Slightly lower correlations have been found for populations at a regional level, with an agreement of r = 0.500 (Hubbard et al, ). At the within‐population level, mixed results have been found, ranging from moderate to strong concordance (Paul & Stojanowski, , ; Stojanowski & Hubbard, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…More importantly, tooth form has been proposed to be highly heritable and selectively neutral, thus providing an excellent proxy for neutral genetic data (Hillson, ; Scott & Turner, ). In fact, several recent studies have demonstrated the utility of dental phenotypic data in reconstructing genetic relatedness across human populations on different geographic scales (Hubbard, Guatelli‐Steinberg, & Irish, ; Rathmann et al, ) and even between individuals within a population (Paul & Stojanowski, , ; Ricaut et al, ; Stojanowski & Hubbard, ). Finally, dental phenotypic data can be sampled in a nondestructive, cost‐efficient, and straightforward manner using crown width and length measurements (dental metrics) and visual scoring of crown and root shape variants (dental nonmetric traits).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population history of southern Italy during Greek colonization inferred from dental remains

Rathmann

Kyle

Nikita

et al. 2019

American J Phys Anthropol

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Objectives:We are testing competing scenarios regarding the population history of the ancient Greek colonization of southern Italy using dental phenotypic evidence. Materials and Methods:We collected dental metric and nonmetric trait data for 481 human skeletons from six archaeological sites along the Gulf of Taranto, dating to pre-colonial (900-700 BC) and post-colonial periods (700-200 BC). We are evaluating scenarios through an individual-level biodistance analysis using a three-pronged approach: (a) by analyzing levels of mobility in pre-and post-colonial periods under a model of isolation-by-distance; (b) by quantifying differences in group means and variances in pre-and post-colonial periods utilizing permutational multivariate analysis of variance and Betadisper analyses; and (c) by identifying ancestries of post-colonial individuals using naïve Bayes classification. Results: Southern Italy during pre-colonial times was characterized by low levels of mobility and marked differences in group means and variances. During post-colonial times, mobility increased and there were no differences in group means and variances. About 18% of the people in post-colonial times were of Greek ancestry and lived equally distributed across Greek colonies and indigenous villages. Nevertheless, the overall biological composition and variability of southern Italy remained relatively unchanged across pre-and post-colonial periods. Discussion: Our results support a scenario in which only few Greek colonists migrated to southern Italy and lived in smaller numbers alongside indigenous people in Greek colonies as well as in indigenous villages. Our results contradict a scenario in which large numbers of Greek invaders founded biologically isolated and substantially homogeneous colonial enclaves within conquered territories.

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“…Tooth morphology is largely under genetic control and is less affected by environmental factors than many other tissue systems (Scott & Turner, 1997;Turner et al, 1991). Dental morphological features are highly genetic, and recent studies show morphological variation corresponds to genetic variation in living and historic populations (Hubbard, Guatelli-Steinberg, & Irish, 2015;Rathmann et al, 2017;Ricaut et al, 2010). Because dental morphology is genetically controlled and comparable through time, it is ideal for use in exploring patterns of biological variation.…”

Section: Biological Distance Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in indigenous population structure in colonial Mexico City and Morelos

Ragsdale

Willermet

Edgar

2019

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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The Spanish conquest and colonization of Mexico had disastrous effects on indigenous people. Disease, coupled with drastic changes in the economic, political, and religious structures, led to an enormous depopulation event throughout the colony of New Spain. What remains unclear in historic and archeological accounts of Spanish colonization in Mexico is the effects of these changes on indigenous population structure and variation. In this study, we use biological distance and population structure analyses of two Mexico City church ossuary samples from the 16th to 17th centuries, as well as a sample of burials from a convent in nearby Morelos, to investigate these relationships at the center of the Spanish colony in Central Mexico. Colonial samples are compared with a large data set of precontact samples from Central Mexico and the surrounding regions, to evaluate changes in population structures. We compare colonial and precontact samples using biological distance analysis and a population structure program commonly applied in genetic analyses and modified for phenotypic data. Our results show that the colonial Mexico City samples are more biologically similar to the precontact samples from Veracruz, Toluca Valley, and West Mexico than to other precontact samples from the Valley of Mexico. The sample from Yecapixtla in Morelos is also most similar to the Veracruz, Toluca Valley, and West Mexico samples but is also somewhat similar to the precontact sample from Morelos and the nearby Oaxaca Valley. Generally, biological similarities among colonial samples and precontact samples do not correlate with geographic proximity or population size but coincide with cultural changes. Our study provides bioarcheological evidence of some degree of population replacement, resulting either from forced migration from surrounding areas for labor or through indigenous alliances with the Spanish conquerors. Our results also show concordance between traditional biodistance analysis and nontraditional analyses employed in population genetics studies.

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Do nuclear DNA and dental nonmetric data produce similar reconstructions of regional population history? An example from modern coastal Kenya

Cited by 57 publications

References 62 publications

Evidence for Migration Influx into the Ancient Greek Colony of Metaponto: A Population Genetics Approach Using Dental Nonmetric Traits

Evidence for Migration Influx into the Ancient Greek Colony of Metaponto: A Population Genetics Approach Using Dental Nonmetric Traits

Population history of southern Italy during Greek colonization inferred from dental remains

Changes in indigenous population structure in colonial Mexico City and Morelos

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