Do Mycorrhizal Fungi Enable Plants to Cope with Abiotic Stresses by Overcoming the Detrimental Effects of Salinity and Improving Drought Tolerance?

Ortaş, İbrahim; Rafique, Mazhar; Çekiç, Fazilet Özlem

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-51916-2_23

Cited by 18 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 195 publications

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“…They either restrict a large amount of solutes in their vacuole or compartmentalize these toxic ions in tissues to support their normal metabolic activities [11]. Salt tolerance of a plant is controlled by several factors including soil, water, plant, and environmental conditions [12]. There are several mechanisms and strategies that enable plants to survive under salinity conditions including: ion vacuolation, accumulation of adaptive osmolytes, osmotic adaptation and adjustment, selective transport and uptake of ions, salt exclusion, ion homeostasis, and salt excretion in plant organs such as leaves [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorus Fertilization Enhances Productivity of Forage Corn (Zea mays L.) Irrigated with Saline Water

Bouras

Bouaziz

Choukr‐Allah

et al. 2021

Plants

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Salinity is a major problem affecting crop production in many regions in the world including Morocco. Agricultural practices such as fertilization could be useful to overcome this problem and improve crop productivity. The objective of our study was to evaluate the combined effect of phosphorus fertilization and irrigation water salinity on growth, yield, and stomatal conductance of forage corn (Zea mays L.) cv. “Sy sincerro”. Field experiments were carried out for two years testing four levels of irrigation water salinity (ECw = 0.7; 2, 4, and 6 dS·m−1) and three rates of phosphorus (105, 126, and 150 kg P2O5·ha−1) fertilization conducted in a split-plot design with three replications. The obtained results show that irrigation water salinity had a negative effect on all monitored parameters. For instance, the dry matter yield reduced by an average of 19.3 and 25.1% compared to the control under saline irrigation with an EC value equal to 4 and 6 dS·m−1, respectively. The finding also showed that phosphorus applications tend to increase root weight, root length, stem length, leaf stomatal conductance, grain yield and dry matter yield under salinity conditions. For example, the addition of phosphorus with a rate of 126 and 150 kg P2O5·ha−1 respectively improved dry matter yield by an average of 4 and 9% under low salinity level (ECw = 2 dS·m−1), by 4 and 15% under medium salinity (4 dS·m−1), and by 6 and 8% under a high salinity level (6 dS·m−1). Our finding suggests that supplementary P application could be one of the best practices to reduce the adverse effects of high salinity on growth and development of forage corn.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorus Fertilization Enhances Productivity of Forage Corn (Zea mays L.) Irrigated with Saline Water

Bouras

Bouaziz

Choukr‐Allah

et al. 2021

Plants

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“…In urban forestry, mycorrhizal fungi have been used to improve the health and growth of street trees and urban forests. For example, inoculating urban trees with AM fungi has been shown to enhance their nutrient uptake, drought tolerance, and resistance to pollutants [124]. These benefits are essential for maintaining the health and longevity of urban trees, which provide critical ecosystem services such as air quality improvement, temperature regulation, and aesthetic value.…”

Section: Urban and Industrial Landscapesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mutualistic Relationships between Plants and Mycorrhizal Fungi Impacts on Ecosystem Functioning: A Review

Reddy,

Bokka,

Chellem

et al. 2024

UPJOZ

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Mycorrhizal fungi form mutualistic relationships with the majority of terrestrial plants, influencing nutrient uptake, soil structure, plant growth, and ecosystem functioning. The diverse types of mycorrhizal associations, including arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM), ectomycorrhizae (ECM), ericoid mycorrhizae (ERM), and orchid mycorrhizae (ORM), each contributing uniquely to plant health and soil ecosystems. Mechanisms of interaction, such as fungal colonization, nutrient exchange, signaling pathways, and carbon allocation, underscore the complexity and significance of these symbioses. Mycorrhizal fungi enhance ecosystem functioning by improving nutrient cycling-particularly the carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycles-stabilizing soils, and increasing plant stress tolerance. Case studies in agricultural systems demonstrate how mycorrhizal inoculation can improve crop yields and soil health, while natural ecosystems illustrate their role in supporting biodiversity and resilience. In restoration ecology, mycorrhizal fungi aid in the recovery of degraded lands, enhancing plant establishment and soil stability. Urban and industrial landscapes also benefit from mycorrhizal associations, which support vegetation in challenging environments. Despite advancements, significant knowledge gaps and technological limitations persist, particularly regarding the ecological specificity of mycorrhizal fungi and their interactions within the soil microbiome. Addressing these challenges requires interdisciplinary approaches and integrating mycorrhizal research into policy and management practices. Such integration can enhance sustainable agricultural practices, promote biodiversity conservation, and mitigate climate change impacts. Future research should focus on advancing molecular techniques, improving in situ study methods, and fostering collaboration across scientific disciplines to fully harness the ecological and agricultural potential of mycorrhizal fungi. This comprehensive understanding of plant-mycorrhizal interactions is crucial for developing strategies to sustain healthy ecosystems and improve agricultural productivity in the face of environmental challenges.

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“…In arid conditions, the importance of these fungal communities is magnified. AMF, for example, assists plants in coping with water scarcity by improving root water uptake and reducing transpiration, thus enhancing plant arid tolerance [ 20 , 21 ]. Furthermore, recent research has emphasized that AMF can modulate the extent to which antecedent soil moisture patterns affect other ecosystem services like nutrient retention in tomatoes, highlighting the multifaceted roles of these fungi in ecosystem functioning [ 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Divergent Fungal Community Dynamics of Thuja sutchuenensis in Arid Environments

Zuo,

Yang,

Wang

et al. 2024

Microorganisms

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Thuja sutchuenensis Franch., an endangered species sparsely distributed in the mountainous and arid regions of southwest China, faces the critical challenge of adapting to these harsh conditions. Understanding the plant’s strategies for survival and the precise roles played by soil fungal communities in this adaptation remains an area of limited knowledge. Our investigation centers on the fungal communities associated with T. sutchuenensis and their interactions with soil water content. Notably, we identified unique fungal communities in the low soil moisture group, and these communities exhibited lower coverage but higher phylogenetic diversity (PD), Chao1, and Shannon indices compared to other groups. Network analysis revealed a modular structure within the fungal communities, with key hub nodes identified, particularly in the arid group. This group demonstrated higher levels of soil saprotrophs and ectomycorrhizal fungi and a reduced presence of plant pathogens. Linear discriminant analysis highlighted the significance of genera such as Russula, Myxotrichaceae, and Sebacina, emphasizing their roles in supporting the plant in arid environments. Random forest analysis indicated that soil moisture content emerged as the primary driver in determining fungal composition and diversity and contributed to the variables of several fungal genera. Collectively, this study provides valuable insights into the fungal communities associated with T. sutchuenensis, shedding light on their adaptation to extreme arid conditions.

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Do Mycorrhizal Fungi Enable Plants to Cope with Abiotic Stresses by Overcoming the Detrimental Effects of Salinity and Improving Drought Tolerance?

Cited by 18 publications

References 195 publications

Phosphorus Fertilization Enhances Productivity of Forage Corn (Zea mays L.) Irrigated with Saline Water

Phosphorus Fertilization Enhances Productivity of Forage Corn (Zea mays L.) Irrigated with Saline Water

Mutualistic Relationships between Plants and Mycorrhizal Fungi Impacts on Ecosystem Functioning: A Review

Divergent Fungal Community Dynamics of Thuja sutchuenensis in Arid Environments

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