Do mutualistic interactions last longer than antagonistic interactions?

Zeng, Yichao; Wiens, John J.

doi:10.1098/rspb.2021.1457

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…In a subsequent study on gopher-louse interactions, Hafner et al (1994) applied the Wilcoxon signed-rank test (Wilcoxon 1992) to test whether the lengths of congruent branches between two host and symbiont phylogenies were consistently shorter or longer for the symbiont clade. The sum of signed-rank scores is first computed for the original phylogenies, and a null distribution for the statistic is then simulated via permutation, as with the Mantel test of Hafner & Nadler (1990).…”

Section: Pattern-based Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cophylogenetic Methods to Untangle the Evolutionary History of Ecological Interactions

Dismukes

Braga

Hembry

et al. 2022

Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst.

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Myriad branches in the tree of life are intertwined through ecological relationships. Biologists have long hypothesized that intimate symbioses between lineages can influence diversification patterns to the extent that it leaves a topological imprint on the phylogenetic trees of interacting clades. Over the past few decades, cophylogenetic methods development has provided a toolkit for identifying such histories of codiversification, yet it is often difficult to determine which tools best suit the task at hand. In this review, we organize currently available cophylogenetic methods into three categories—pattern-based statistics, event-scoring methods, and more recently developed generative model–based methods—and discuss their assumptions and appropriateness for different types of cophylogenetic questions. We classify cophylogenetic systems based on their biological properties to provide a framework for empiricists investigating the macroevolution of symbioses. In addition, we provide recommendations for the next generation of cophylogenetic models that we hope will facilitate further methods development. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, Volume 53 is November 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

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Section: Pattern-based Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cophylogenetic Methods to Untangle the Evolutionary History of Ecological Interactions

Dismukes

Braga

Hembry

et al. 2022

Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst.

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“…parasites). We might predict this because species interactions with positive fitness effects for a given focal species seem to increase their diversification rates (Zeng & Wiens, 2021 b ), and seem to last longer (although not in animals; Zeng & Wiens, 2021 a ). Both factors should tend to increase richness (Figs 3 and 5).…”

Section: Unanswered Questionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trait‐based species richness: ecology and macroevolution

Wiens

2023

Biological Reviews

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Understanding the origins of species richness patterns is a fundamental goal in ecology and evolutionary biology. Much research has focused on explaining two kinds of species richness patterns: (i) spatial species richness patterns (e.g. the latitudinal diversity gradient), and (ii) clade-based species richness patterns (e.g. the predominance of angiosperm species among plants). Here, I highlight a third kind of richness pattern: trait-based species richness (e.g. the number of species with each state of a character, such as diet or body size). Trait-based richness patterns are relevant to many topics in ecology and evolution, from ecosystem function to adaptive radiation to the paradox of sex. Although many studies have described particular trait-based richness patterns, the origins of these patterns remain far less understood, and trait-based richness has not been emphasised as a general category of richness patterns. Here, I describe a conceptual framework for how trait-based richness patterns arise compared to other richness patterns. A systematic review suggests that trait-based richness patterns are most often explained by when each state originates within a group (i.e. older states generally have higher richness), and not by differences in transition rates among states or faster diversification of species with certain states. This latter result contrasts with the widespread emphasis on diversification rates in species-richness research. I show that many recent studies of spatial richness patterns are actually studies of trait-based richness patterns, potentially confounding the causes of these patterns. Finally, I describe a plethora of unanswered questions related to trait-based richness patterns.

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“…In particular, there is a critical need for a framework that can generate hypotheses and quantitative predictions for how the mutualistic interaction may respond to global warming. Mutualisms are some of the oldest (Zeng & Wiens, 2021a), most ubiquitous organismal interactions on the planet (Janzen, 1985) and more positively contribute to species diversity than other species interactions (Bronstein, 2021; Zeng & Wiens, 2021b). Yet, this keystone position of mutualism across time and space may also increase the risk of accelerating effects of warming on other species beyond the focal mutualists (Kiers et al, 2010; Vidal et al, 2021).…”

Section: Thermal Ecology: a Key Link Between Mutualism And Global War...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mutualisms in a warming world

et al. 2023

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Predicting the impacts of global warming on mutualisms poses a significant challenge given the functional and life history differences that usually exist among interacting species. However, this is a critical endeavour since virtually all species on Earth depend on other species for survival and/or reproduction. The field of thermal ecology can provide physiological and mechanistic insights, as well as quantitative tools, for addressing this challenge. Here, we develop a conceptual and quantitative framework that connects thermal physiology to species' traits, species' traits to interacting mutualists' traits and interacting traits to the mutualism. We first identify the functioning of reciprocal mutualism‐relevant traits in diverse systems as the key temperature‐dependent mechanisms driving the interaction. We then develop metrics that measure the thermal performance of interacting mutualists' traits and that approximate the thermal performance of the mutualism itself. This integrated approach allows us to additionally examine how warming might interact with resource/nutrient availability and affect mutualistic species' associations across space and time. We offer this framework as a synthesis of convergent and critical issues in mutualism science in a changing world, and as a baseline to which other ecological complexities and scales might be added.

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Do mutualistic interactions last longer than antagonistic interactions?

Cited by 5 publications

References 65 publications

Cophylogenetic Methods to Untangle the Evolutionary History of Ecological Interactions

Cophylogenetic Methods to Untangle the Evolutionary History of Ecological Interactions

Trait‐based species richness: ecology and macroevolution

Mutualisms in a warming world

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