2019
DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.1646
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Do most patients with obesity or type 2 diabetes, and atrial fibrillation, also have undiagnosed heart failure? A critical conceptual framework for understanding mechanisms and improving diagnosis and treatment

Abstract: Obesity and diabetes can lead to heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), potentially because they both cause expansion and inflammation of epicardial adipose tissue and thus lead to microvascular dysfunction and fibrosis of the underlying left ventricle. The same process also causes an atrial myopathy, which is clinically evident as atrial fibrillation (AF); thus, AF may be the first manifestation of HFpEF. Many patients with apparently isolated AF have latent HFpEF or subsequently develop HFpE… Show more

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Cited by 47 publications
(52 citation statements)
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References 258 publications
(465 reference statements)
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“…Based on proteomic analyses, there seems to be a strong relation between inflammatory biomarkers, HFpEF and extracellular matrix reorganization 115 . This affects not only the left ventricle, but also the left atrium, and atrial fibrillation may often be the first sign of HFpEF especially in obese or diabetic patients 116 . The inflammatory paradigm is somewhat weakened by the fact that trials investigating therapies that stabilize vascular inflammation (such as phosphodiesterase‐5 inhibitors) in HFpEF have thus far yielded negative results 113…”
Section: Aetiology Of Heart Failurementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Based on proteomic analyses, there seems to be a strong relation between inflammatory biomarkers, HFpEF and extracellular matrix reorganization 115 . This affects not only the left ventricle, but also the left atrium, and atrial fibrillation may often be the first sign of HFpEF especially in obese or diabetic patients 116 . The inflammatory paradigm is somewhat weakened by the fact that trials investigating therapies that stabilize vascular inflammation (such as phosphodiesterase‐5 inhibitors) in HFpEF have thus far yielded negative results 113…”
Section: Aetiology Of Heart Failurementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Zusätzlich wurde bei HFpEF-Patienten eine verstärkte Expansion des epikardialen Fettgewebes beobachtet [7]. Hier zeigte sich ein Zusammenhang zwischen dem Ausmaß der Expansion von epikardialen Fettgewebe mit Adipositas, Vorhofflimmern und gesteigerten pro-inflammatorischen Mediatoren, was eine kausale Assoziation von lokaler Fettgewebsexpansion mit HFpEF begünstigenden Faktoren nahelegt [10][11][12]. Eine Reduktion des Fettgewebes könnte also ein möglicher Therapieansatz bei diesen Patienten sein.…”
Section: Die Rolle Des Epikardialen Fettgewebesunclassified
“…Durch die enge räumliche Beziehung und Teilung der Mikrozirkulation zum Myokard könnten negative Effekte einer gesteigerten pro-inflammatorische Reaktion des epikardialen Fettgewebes direkt an das Myokard vermittelt werden [9,15]. Dies kann bei räumlicher Nähe zum Ventrikel zu einer lokalen Fibrosierung sowohl des linken als auch rechten Ventrikels führen [16], wohingegen eine räumliche Nähe zu den Vorhöfen zu einer atrialen Myopathie führen kann, wie sie häufig bei HFpEF-Patienten beobachtet wird [10]. Eine zunehmende Fibrosierung führt zu einer Intoleranz des Ventrikels gegenüber Volumenanstiegen, welche zur Entstehung einer Belastungsdyspnoe beiträgt.…”
Section: Die Rolle Des Epikardialen Fettgewebesunclassified
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“…257,258 AF often represents the first manifestation of HFpEF and can be a consequence of atrial myopathy. 258 A study by Wu et al investigated the role of myocardial steatosis in diastolic dysfunction. Intramyocardial fat deposition was measured using CMR in 305 subjects (34 patients with HFrEF, 163 with HFpEF, and 108 non-HF controls).…”
Section: Clinical Phenotypes and Pathophysiologymentioning
confidence: 99%