Do measures of schizotypal personality provide non-clinical analogues of schizophrenic symptomatology?

Cochrane, Mary; Petch, Ian; Pickering, Alan D.

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2009.01.031

Cited by 55 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…For example, in the Structured Interview for Schizotypy-Revised, these items encompass social isolation, social anxiety, introversion, restricted affect, referential thinking and suspiciousness [72]. A good example of these challenges is a recent study employing the Oxford-Liverpool Inventory of Feelings and Experiences, a questionnaire that focuses on anhedonia as the sole negative schizotypal symptom [73]. Not surprisingly, the study failed to find a significant correlation between the introversive anhedonia factor and SANS global scores in patients with schizophrenia.…”

Section: Negative Symptoms In the General Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia: Category or Continuum?

Kaiser

Heekeren

Simon³

2011

Psychopathology

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Negative symptoms have been considered to be specific to schizophrenia or a subtype of schizophrenia: the deficit syndrome. In other words, these symptoms have been considered to be categorically different from other forms of human behavior and experience, whether they occur in healthy persons or patients with other psychiatric disorders. In this paper, we advocate a dimensional approach to negative symptoms, which is supported by two main arguments. First, enduring negative symptoms can even be observed in a variety of psychiatric disorders and they are not specific to schizophrenia. Second, we review evidence that negative symptoms show a continuous distribution from apparently healthy subjects to those with a fully developed clinical syndrome. Although the evidence does not allow for a definite decision concerning the dimensional distribution of negative symptoms, it certainly justifies exploring a dimensional approach with respect to its clinical and scientific utility. Understanding negative symptoms as a variation of normal mental processes will strengthen the development of neurocognitive models and treatment approaches.

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Section: Negative Symptoms In the General Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia: Category or Continuum?

Kaiser

Heekeren

Simon³

2011

Psychopathology

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“…Schizotypy is a personality trait within the normal range of the schizophrenia spectrum. Schizotypal traits include magical thinking, unusual perceptual experience, odd behaviour and speech (Mason et al 1995) that are thought to correspond to positive symptoms of psychosis (Mason et al 2005;Cochrane et al 2010). Anhedonia willing to take part in the study.…”

Section: Ee and Schizotypymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High schizotypy was defi ned as score Ն 7, and low schizotypy as score Յ 2, on the Unusual Experiences (UE) subscale of the short form of the Oxford and Liverpool Inventory of Feelings and Experiences (O-LIFE) (Mason et al 2005). The UE subscale of the O-LIFE was chosen to identify HS and LS participants, as a high score on this subscale is associated with greater positive symptom severity in schizophrenia patients (Cochrane et al 2010). A criterion of Ն 7 out of a maximum score of 12 on the UE subscale on the O-LIFE short form for HS was based on Ն 1 SD above the normal population of the UE subscale (Mason et al 2005).…”

Section: Participants and Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural processing of criticism and positive comments from relatives in individuals with schizotypal personality traits

Premkumar

Williams

Lythgoe

et al. 2011

The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry

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Objectives . High negative expressed emotion by family members towards schizophrenia patients increases the risk of subsequent relapse. The study aimed to determine whether individuals with high schizotypy (HS) and low schizotypy (LS) would differ in activation of brain areas involved in cognitive control when listening to relative criticism. Methods . Twelve HS and 12 LS individuals listened to relative ' s critical, positive and neutral comments about them while undergoing functional MRI. Activation maps in the two groups during the comments were compared using SPM5. Results . The left superior frontal and middle frontal gyri and bilateral posterior cingulate cortex were activated during criticism, compared to neutral comments, across all participants. While there were no group differences in brain activity for criticism versus neutral comments, the HS group, who had lower current mood relative to the LS group, activated to a lesser extent the thalamus, insula, putamen and brain stem during positive, compared to neutral, comments. Conclusions . Listening to relative criticism in healthy individuals engages brain areas for cognitive control of negative emotion and self-referential processing. However, HS individuals may have an attenuated ability to respond to rewarding aspects of positive comments due to their lower current mood.

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“…The VLPFC and SFG 28 are involved in empathising with others (Hooker et al, 2010b;Kramer et al, 2010 effects would not be confounded by illness chronicity and medication. Schizotypy is a personality trait within the normal range of the schizophrenia spectrum, but related to schizophrenia at the clinical (Mason et al, 2005;Cochrane et al, 2010), genetic (Fanous et al, 2001;Fanous et al, 2007), neuropsychological (Gooding et al, 2006) and neurophysiological levels (Ettinger et al, 2005;Bollini et al, 2007). Schizotypal traits include magical thinking, unusual perceptual experience, odd behaviour and speech (Mason et al, 1995) that are thought to correspond to positive symptoms of psychosis (Mason et al, 1995;Mason et al, 2005;Cochrane et al, 2010) and anhedonia that is thought to correspond to negative symptoms (Vollema and van den Bosch, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%