“…Our article relates to three strands of literature. First, our article is related to the stock market participation literature (e.g., Hong, Kubik, and Stein 2004;Georgarakos and Pasini 2011;Guiso, Sapienza, and Zingales 2008;Brown et al 2008;Grinblatt, Keloharju, and Linnainmaa 2011;Guiso, Haliassos, and Jappelli 2003;Giannetti and Koskinen 2010), and, more in particular, to that strand of this literature consistent with investors that regard stocks as consumption goods rather than as investments (e.g., Keloharju, Knüpfer, and Linnainmaa 2012;Cao et al 2011;Cohen 2009;Fama and French 2007;Grullon, Kanatas, and Weston 2004;Frieder and Subrahmanyam 2005;Lou 2014).…”