Do Internal and External Factors Matter for Students' English Skills: The Moderating Role of Teaching Style

Abstract

The rapid advancement of knowledge and technology has made communication more open. This situation provides an excellent opportunity for anyone to compete internationally. One of the ways to compete at the international level is to master English. This study aims to analyze the effect of internal and external motivation on students' English skills. This study used a different approach by using the lecturer's teaching style as a moderating variable. This research was explanatory using a quantitative approach. Data were collected through a questionnaire and used a Likert scale. The sample of this research was second-year students of the Faculty of Economics, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta. Partial Least Square (PLS) was used as a data analysis technique in this study with the help of SmartPLS software. The results showed that students' internal and external motivations influenced their English skills. In addition, this study also confirms that lecturers' teaching style has a direct positive effect on English skills. Furthermore, the lecturer's teaching style indirectly moderates the relationship between self-awareness, personal goal-setting, and parental expectations. The dual role of this teaching style proves the importance of the role of a lecturer in student success.