Do increasing respiratory costs explain the decline with age of forest growth rate?

West, Philip W.

doi:10.1007/s11676-019-01020-w

Cited by 40 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 214 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Given a forest growing on a particular site, with particular climatic characteristics and soil fertility, the growth rate at any time of a tree will depend, firstly, on its size (Pretzsch et al 2012;Cordonnier et al 2019;Ogawa 2019;Pretzsch 2021) and, in particular, the amount of living tissues that it has accumulated to undertake metabolic processes. This growth rate will decline as the tree grows larger, possibly as a result of greater respiratory demands to maintain and renew its live tissues (West 2020). Some systems relating tree growth rates to tree size have functional forms that assumes this decline occurs (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Problems with models assessing influences of tree size and inter-tree competitive processes on individual tree growth: a cautionary tale

West

Ratkowsky

2021

J. For. Res.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In forest growing at any one site, the growth rate of an individual tree is determined principally by its size, which reflects its metabolic capacity, and by competition from neighboring trees. Competitive effects of a tree may be proportional to its size; such competition is termed ‘symmetric’ and generally involves competition below ground for nutrients and water from the soil. Competition may also be ‘asymmetric’, where its effects are disproportionate to the size of the tree; this generally involves competition above ground for sunlight, when larger trees shade smaller, but the reverse cannot occur. This work examines three model systems often seen as exemplars relating individual tree growth rates to tree size and both competitive processes. Data of tree stem basal area growth rates in plots of even-aged, monoculture forest of blackbutt (Eucalyptus pilularis Smith) growing in sub-tropical eastern Australia were used to test these systems. It was found that none could distinguish between size and competitive effects at any time in any one stand and, thus, allow quantification of the contribution of each to explaining tree growth rates. They were prevented from doing so both by collinearity between the terms used to describe each of the effects and technical problems involved in the use of nonlinear least-squares regression to fit the models to any one data set. It is concluded that quite new approaches need to be devised if the effects on tree growth of tree size and competitive processes are to be quantified and modelled successfully.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Problems with models assessing influences of tree size and inter-tree competitive processes on individual tree growth: a cautionary tale

West

Ratkowsky

2021

J. For. Res.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For species exhibiting a pulse of recruitment in the past followed by little subsequent recruitment (e.g., A. rubrum and B. alleghaniensis at HF), persistent differences in growth rates among individuals could produce a trend of declining growth, as faster-growing individuals reach various size thresholds earlier (Brienen et al, 2017; see also van der Sleen et al, 2017). Particularly in secondary stands where many of the sampled species recruited in pulses that were followed by low recruitment (e.g., SCBI, HF; Appendix S1), growth declines are consistent with the tendency for faster tree growth during early stand development (Lorimer & Frelich, 1989;Lorimer et al, 1988;Oliver & Larson, 1996), and with increasing competition and declining woody productivity as young stands mature (e.g., Goulden et al, 2011;Pregitzer & Euskirchen, 2004;West, 2020). Gradual shifts in abiotic drivers (e.g., indirect effects of warming) likely also play a role at some of these sites.…”

Section: Changing Growth Ratesmentioning

confidence: 67%

Joint effects of climate, tree size, and year on annual tree growth derived from tree‐ring records of ten globally distributed forests

Anderson‐Teixeira

Herrmann

Rollinson

et al. 2021

Global Change Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Tree rings provide an invaluable long‐term record for understanding how climate and other drivers shape tree growth and forest productivity. However, conventional tree‐ring analysis methods were not designed to simultaneously test effects of climate, tree size, and other drivers on individual growth. This has limited the potential to test ecologically relevant hypotheses on tree growth sensitivity to environmental drivers and their interactions with tree size. Here, we develop and apply a new method to simultaneously model nonlinear effects of primary climate drivers, reconstructed tree diameter at breast height (DBH), and calendar year in generalized least squares models that account for the temporal autocorrelation inherent to each individual tree's growth. We analyze data from 3811 trees representing 40 species at 10 globally distributed sites, showing that precipitation, temperature, DBH, and calendar year have additively, and often interactively, influenced annual growth over the past 120 years. Growth responses were predominantly positive to precipitation (usually over ≥3‐month seasonal windows) and negative to temperature (usually maximum temperature, over ≤3‐month seasonal windows), with concave‐down responses in 63% of relationships. Climate sensitivity commonly varied with DBH (45% of cases tested), with larger trees usually more sensitive. Trends in ring width at small DBH were linked to the light environment under which trees established, but basal area or biomass increments consistently reached maxima at intermediate DBH. Accounting for climate and DBH, growth rate declined over time for 92% of species in secondary or disturbed stands, whereas growth trends were mixed in older forests. These trends were largely attributable to stand dynamics as cohorts and stands age, which remain challenging to disentangle from global change drivers. By providing a parsimonious approach for characterizing multiple interacting drivers of tree growth, our method reveals a more complete picture of the factors influencing growth than has previously been possible.

show abstract

“…Aminoglycosides mainly used in the treatment of aerobic gram‐negative bacilli infections; however, they are also effective against other bacteria including staphylococci and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (West, 2020). It was the second antibiotic class that was investigated for infection imaging.…”

Section: Mtc‐labeled Aminoglycosidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

^99mTc‐labeled antibiotics for infection diagnosis: Mechanism, action, and progress

Naqvi

2021

Chem Biol Drug Des

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Discovery of penicillin marked a turning point in the history of infection therapy which also led to the emergence of bacterial resistance. It is now 100 years to fight with ever‐muted variants of pathogens by developing more and more antibiotics. Since 1987 to todate, no successful class of antibiotic was introduced; this three decade period is known as “the discovery void” period. While, the clinically approved antibiotics are gradually dying in front of bacterial resistance due to which bacterial infections are appearing leading cause of death and disability. Nuclear medicine imaging technique is the strongest modality to diagnose and follow‐up of deep‐seated and complicated infections. However, the selection of radiolabeled antimicrobial agents plays critical role in gaining sensitivity and specificity of the imaging results. This review comprises of two main sections; first section explains antibiotic targets, and second section explains the imaging efficacy of 99mTc‐labeled antimicrobial agents against bacterial infection along with the emphasis on progress and update of 99mTc‐labeled antibiotics as infection imaging probes. The review, in conclusion, could be an acceleration for radiopharmaceutical chemists for designing and developing 99mTc‐labeled antimicrobial agents to improve infection imaging quality.

show abstract

Do increasing respiratory costs explain the decline with age of forest growth rate?

Cited by 40 publications

References 214 publications

Problems with models assessing influences of tree size and inter-tree competitive processes on individual tree growth: a cautionary tale

Problems with models assessing influences of tree size and inter-tree competitive processes on individual tree growth: a cautionary tale

Joint effects of climate, tree size, and year on annual tree growth derived from tree‐ring records of ten globally distributed forests

^99mTc‐labeled antibiotics for infection diagnosis: Mechanism, action, and progress

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About