Do exercise motives predict obligatory exercise?

Pritchard, Mary E.; Beaver, Jessica L.

doi:10.1016/j.eatbeh.2011.11.012

Cited by 19 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…A specific predictor of CE in HC was stress management. This is in line with Pritchard and Beaver [ 46 ] who found that obligatory exercise was predicted by exercise for mood improvement in healthy women.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Self-reported quantity, compulsiveness and motives of exercise in patients with eating disorders and healthy controls: differences and similarities

et al. 2018

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BackgroundCompulsive exercise (CE) is a frequent symptom in patients with eating disorders (EDs). It includes, in addition to quantitatively excessive exercise behaviour, a driven aspect and specific motives of exercise. CE is generally associated with worse therapy outcomes. The aims of the study were to compare self-reported quantity of exercise, compulsiveness of exercise as well as motives for exercise between patients with anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN) and healthy controls (HC). Additionally, we wanted to explore predictors of compulsive exercise (CE) in each group.MethodsWe investigated 335 female participants (n = 226 inpatients, n = 109 HC) and assessed self-reported quantity of exercise, compulsiveness of exercise (Compulsive Exercise Test), motives for exercise (Exercise Motivations Inventory-2), ED symptoms (Eating Disorder Inventory-2), obsessive-compulsiveness (Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised), general psychopathology (Brief Symptom Inventory-18) and depression (Beck Depression Inventory-2).ResultsBoth patients with AN and BN exercised significantly more hours per week and showed significantly higher CE than HC; no differences were found between patients with AN and BN. Patients with EDs and HC also partly varied in motives for exercise. Specific motives were enjoyment, challenge, recognition and weight management in patients with EDs in contrast to ill-health avoidance and affiliation in HC. Patients with AN and BN only differed in regard to exercise for appearance reasons in which patients with BN scored higher. The most relevant predictor of CE across groups was exercise for weight and shape reasons.ConclusionsExercise behaviours and motives differ between patients with EDs and HC. CE was pronounced in both patients with AN and BN. Therefore, future research should focus not only on CE in patients with AN, but also on CE in patients with BN. Similarities in CE in patients with AN and BN support a transdiagnostic approach during the development of interventions specifically targeting CE in patients with EDs.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s40337-018-0202-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Self-reported quantity, compulsiveness and motives of exercise in patients with eating disorders and healthy controls: differences and similarities

et al. 2018

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“…This approach is consistent with the recognition that it is important for researchers to distinguish between different aspects of narcissism in order to develop a more complete and nuanced understanding of the attitudes and behaviors that characterize narcissism. Exercise-related motives have been found to be associated with a range of attitudes and behaviors concerning exercise [47,59] as well as exercise addiction [60]. However, there are various approaches available for conceptualizing exercise-related motives [61,62].…”

Section: Overview and Predictionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Narcissism and Exercise Addiction: The Mediating Roles of Exercise-Related Motives

Zeigler‐Hill

Besser

Gabay

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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The present research examined whether the associations that narcissistic personality features had with exercise addiction were mediated by particular motives for engaging in exercise in a large Israeli community sample (N = 2629). The results revealed that each aspect of narcissism was positively associated with exercise addiction. Narcissistic admiration and narcissistic rivalry had similar positive indirect associations with exercise addiction through the interpersonal motive for exercise. However, these aspects of narcissism diverged in their indirect associations with exercise addiction through psychological motives, body-related motives, and fitness motives for exercise such that these indirect associations were positive for narcissistic admiration but negative for narcissistic rivalry. Narcissistic vulnerability had positive indirect associations with exercise addiction through body-related motives and fitness motives that were similar to those observed for narcissistic admiration. These results suggest that exercise-related motives may play important roles in the associations that narcissistic personality features have with exercise addiction. The discussion will focus on the implications of these results for understanding the complex connections between narcissism and exercise addiction.

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“…One barrier to consensus has been the considerable number of terms used to define the construct of ME, which vary in both the degree to which they quantify exercise (i.e., excessive nature) or in their qualitative nature (i.e., motivation for engaging in exercise behavior). Some of these constructs include “compulsive” (Meyer et al, 2011); “exercise dependence” (Hausenblas & Downs, 2002b); “obligatory” (Pritchard & Beaver, 2012), “addictive” (Adams & Kirkby, 2002), and “driven” (Stiles‐Shields et al, 2015), among others. ME has also been defined as either a primary disorder (functioning to reduce negative affect) or a secondary symptom of an ED (functioning to control weight and shape) (Bamber et al, 2003), and research distinguishing these forms of problematic exercise typically qualifies primary pathological exercise as addictive and secondary pathological exercise as compulsive (Cunningham et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychosocial etiology of maladaptive exercise and its role in eating disorders: A systematic review

Gorrell

Flatt

Bulik

et al. 2021

Intl J Eating Disorders

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Objective: Although maladaptive exercise (ME) is widely recognized as a clinical feature in transdiagnostic eating disorders, less is known about psychosocial factors that give rise to and perpetuate this behavior. This systematic review aimed to examine the empirical status of this association.Method: We reviewed 46 full text articles examining longitudinal associations between psychosocial variables and ME.Results: Eighteen studies met full inclusion criteria. Based on our qualitative synthesis, evidence suggests reasonably consistent associations between early concern with weight and shape, and negative affect on later development of ME.Discussion: Inconsistent and insufficient assessment of ME across a majority of studies underscores caution in interpretation of results, but guides important discussion for future clinical and research efforts. ResumenObjetivo: Aunque el ejercicio desadaptativo (ME, por sus siglas en inglés) es ampliamente reconocido como una característica clínica en el transdiagn ostico de los trastornos alimentarios, se sabe menos acerca de los factores psicosociales que dan lugar a este comportamiento y lo perpetúan. Esta revisi on sistem atica tuvo como objetivo examinar el estado empírico de esta asociaci on.Método: Revisamos cuarenta y seis artículos de texto completo que examinaban las asociaciones longitudinales entre las variables psicosociales y el ME.Resultados: Dieciocho estudios cumplieron todos los criterios de inclusi on. Con base en nuestra síntesis cualitativa, la evidencia sugiere asociaciones razonablemente consistentes entre la preocupaci on temprana por el peso y la forma, y el afecto negativo sobre el desarrollo posterior de ME.

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Do exercise motives predict obligatory exercise?

Cited by 19 publications

References 19 publications

Self-reported quantity, compulsiveness and motives of exercise in patients with eating disorders and healthy controls: differences and similarities

Self-reported quantity, compulsiveness and motives of exercise in patients with eating disorders and healthy controls: differences and similarities

Narcissism and Exercise Addiction: The Mediating Roles of Exercise-Related Motives

Psychosocial etiology of maladaptive exercise and its role in eating disorders: A systematic review

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