Do enhanced friendship networks and active coping mediate the effect of self-help groups on substance abuse?

Humphreys, Keith; Mankowski, Eric S.; Moos, Rudolf H.; Finney, John W.

doi:10.1007/bf02895034

Cited by 224 publications

(162 citation statements)

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“…The emphasis on abstinence and participation in 12-step self-help groups, which is associated with better alcohol-related outcomes, appears to mediate part of the positive influence of TSF on outcome (Humphreys et al, 1999;Longabaugh et al, 2005). Moreover, TSF patients who are more committed to AA and abstinence and have stronger intentions to avoid high-risk situations are more likely to achieve abstinence after treatment (Morgenstern et al, 2002).…”

Section: Active Ingredientsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Theory-based active ingredients of effective treatments for substance use disorders

Moos

2007

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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This paper describes four related theories that specify common social processes that protect individuals from developing substance use disorders and may underlie effective psychosocial treatments for these disorders: social control theory, behavioral economics and behavioral choice theory, social learning theory, and stress and coping theory. It then provides an overview of the rationale and evidence for four effective psychosocial treatments for substance use disorders: motivational interviewing and motivational enhancement therapy, 12-step facilitation treatment, cognitive-behavioral treatment and behavioral family counseling, and contingency management and community reinforcement approaches. The presumed active ingredients of these treatments are described in terms of how they exemplify the social processes highlighted by the four theories. The identified common components of effective treatment include support, goal direction, and structure; an emphasis on rewards that compete with substance use, a focus on abstinence-oriented norms and models, and attempts to develop self-efficacy and coping skills. Several issues that need to be addressed to enhance our understanding of the active ingredients involved in effective treatment are discussed, including how to develop measures of these ingredients, how well the ingredients predict outcomes and influence conceptually comparable aspects of clients' life contexts, and how much their influence varies depending upon clients' demographic and personal characteristics.

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Section: Active Ingredientsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Theory-based active ingredients of effective treatments for substance use disorders

Moos

2007

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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261

240

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“…In addition, shifts to more active coping responses, as well as enhanced friendship networks, mediate between more mutual-help participation and better substance use outcomes (Humphreys et al, 1999;Humphreys and Noke, 1997;Kaskutas et al, 2002). When more reliance on adaptive coping is internalized through AA participation and social supports are enriched, positive cycles may develop such that reduced consequences from alcohol and drug use disorders, active coping, and abstinence and its benefi ts (e.g., cessation of DWI) continually reinforce each other (Humphreys et al, 1999).…”

Section: Mediators Between Help and Dwimentioning

confidence: 99%

Driving While Intoxicated Among Individuals Initially Untreated for Alcohol Use Disorders: One- and Sixteen-Year Follow-Ups

Timko¹,

Desai²,

Blonigen³

et al. 2011

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

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ABSTRACT. Objective: This study examined associations between frequency of driving while intoxicated (DWI) at baseline and obtaining alcohol-related help at follow-up, and between obtaining help and subsequent reductions in DWI. It also examined improvements on personal functioning and life context indices as mediators between obtaining help and reduced occurrences of DWI. Method: A total of 628 individuals who were initially untreated for alcohol use problems completed a baseline inventory; follow-ups were 1, 3, and 16 years later. Results: More extended participation in outpatient treatment and Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) during Year 1 was associated with a lower likelihood of DWI at the 1-year follow-up. More extended participation in AA through Year 3 was associated with a lower likelihood of DWI at the 16-year follow-up. Improvement on personal functioning and life context indices was associated with reduced risk of subsequent occurrences of DWI. Decreases in drinking-related problems, impulsivity, and drinking to reduce tension mediated associations between more AA participation and reductions in DWI at 1 year. Conclusions: Among initially untreated individuals, sustained mutual help may be associated with a reduced number of occurrences of DWI via fewer drinking consequences and improved psychological functioning and coping. Treatment providers should attend to these concomitants of DWI and consider actively referring individuals to AA to ensure ongoing AA affi liation. The majority of studies of DWI have focused on community samples or samples of people arrested and convicted for DWI who were mandated to treatment. In contrast, we examined DWI in a sample of individuals who, at entry into the study, had initiated help seeking but were untreated for alcohol use problems; these individuals were followed for 16 years. Compared with non-help-seeking community samples, these help seekers likely have more severe alcohol-related dysfunction (George and Tucker, 1996;Tucker, 1995) but also more recognition of their alcohol misuse, motivation to change, and commitment to abstinence (Timko et al., 1994). However, compared with individuals reporting previous treatment for alcohol use disorders, these individuals likely have less severe alcohol-related dysfunction but also less motivation to change and commitment to abstinence (LoCastro et al., 2008). Thus, in the context of previous studies of DWI, we examined a sample that, by virtue of seeking help for the fi rst time, was unique in terms of severity of alcoholrelated disorder and motivation to change.To examine the behavior of DWI, this study used the conceptual framework developed by Moos and colleagues (Moos and Finney, 1983;Moos et al., 1990b) and adopted by other investigators (e.g., Buri et al., 2007) to examine the context of alcohol-related outcomes (Figure 1). The framework suggests that there is an association between (a) the individual's functioning and life context (e.g., severity of alcohol misuse, psychological symptoms, negative life events, social su...

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“…One benefit of participation in 12-step programs, or similar group-based self help programs, is the access that they provide to potential new network members whose behaviors are more compatible (Humphreys, Mavis & Stoffelmayr, 1994;Humphreys et al, 1999).…”

Section: Social Network and Substance Usementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Those patients whose networks consist of higher percentages of abstainers and recovering alcoholics have better post-treatment prognosis (Zywiak, Longabaugh & Wirtz, 2002). Humphreys, Mankowski, Moos and Finney (1999) surveyed male veterans entering treatment for their substance use, and conducted followup interviews one year after discharge, addressing participants' substance abuse, active coping responses, general friendship quality, friends' support for abstinence, and posttreatment involvement in substance-use related self-help groups. Self-help group participation was associated with increases in active coping responses, general friendship quality, and friends' support for abstinence, which mediated the relationship between self-help group participation and substance use (Humphreys et al, 1999).…”

Section: Social Network and Substance Usementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Humphreys, Mankowski, Moos and Finney (1999) surveyed male veterans entering treatment for their substance use, and conducted followup interviews one year after discharge, addressing participants' substance abuse, active coping responses, general friendship quality, friends' support for abstinence, and posttreatment involvement in substance-use related self-help groups. Self-help group participation was associated with increases in active coping responses, general friendship quality, and friends' support for abstinence, which mediated the relationship between self-help group participation and substance use (Humphreys et al, 1999). Specifically, friends' support for abstinence significantly mediated the relationship between participation in mutual help groups and abstinence from alcohol, to a greater extent than general friendship quality (Humphreys et al, 1999); social network members' support for abstinence was a more influential effect of self-help group participation than the more general quality of friendships that were potentially developed through participating in a self-help group (Humphreys & Noke, 1997).…”

Section: Social Network and Substance Usementioning

confidence: 99%

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Social Networks of Intimate Partner Violence Perpetrators

Viola¹

2000

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is also related to their own perpetration of IPV, specifically. However, existing research is yet to examine the extent to which men participating in batterer intervention programs (BIPs), a common form of treatment for perpetrators of IPV, receive messages about the perpetration of IPV from within their social networks, or whether or how BIP participants contribute to dialogues about abuse within their social networks.The purposes of the current study were to (1) describe the members of BIP

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Do enhanced friendship networks and active coping mediate the effect of self-help groups on substance abuse?

Cited by 224 publications

References 15 publications

Theory-based active ingredients of effective treatments for substance use disorders

Theory-based active ingredients of effective treatments for substance use disorders

Driving While Intoxicated Among Individuals Initially Untreated for Alcohol Use Disorders: One- and Sixteen-Year Follow-Ups

Social Networks of Intimate Partner Violence Perpetrators

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