Do Endogenous Volatile Organic Chemicals Measured in Breath Reflect and Maintain CYP2E1 Levelsin Vivo?

Mathews, James; Raymer, James; Etheridge, Amy S.; Velez, George; Bucher, John R.

doi:10.1006/taap.1997.8257

Cited by 21 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…This hypothesis is further supported by the direct correlation between the levels of C8-ketone, present in the breath, and serum levels of bilirubin, as well as with the Child –Pugh stage of cirrhosis. On the other hand, the hypothesis that response to fasting might have a role in discriminating breath composition depending on liver disease severity is also consistent with data reported by Van der Velde and co-workers [1] who analyzed breath of subjects 30 minutes from food intake (a time that might be too short to modify concentration of ketones from previous fasting) and with the observation by Mathews and co-workers [27] that a reduced of CYP2E1 enzyme activity (as in liver disease) increased breath ketones in rats.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Rapid “Breath-Print” of Liver Cirrhosis by Proton Transfer Reaction Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. A Pilot Study.

et al. 2013

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The aim of the present work was to test the potential of Proton Transfer Reaction Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (PTR-ToF-MS) in the diagnosis of liver cirrhosis and the assessment of disease severity by direct analysis of exhaled breath. Twenty-six volunteers have been enrolled in this study: 12 patients (M/F 8/4, mean age 70.5 years, min-max 42–80 years) with liver cirrhosis of different etiologies and at different severity of disease and 14 healthy subjects (M/F 5/9, mean age 52.3 years, min-max 35–77 years). Real time breath analysis was performed on fasting subjects using a buffered end-tidal on-line sampler directly coupled to a PTR-ToF-MS. Twelve volatile organic compounds (VOCs) resulted significantly differently in cirrhotic patients (CP) compared to healthy controls (CTRL): four ketones (2-butanone, 2- or 3- pentanone, C8-ketone, C9-ketone), two terpenes (monoterpene, monoterpene related), four sulphur or nitrogen compounds (sulfoxide-compound, S-compound, NS-compound, N-compound) and two alcohols (heptadienol, methanol). Seven VOCs (2-butanone, C8-ketone, a monoterpene, 2,4-heptadienol and three compounds containing N, S or NS) resulted significantly differently in compensate cirrhotic patients (Child-Pugh A; CP-A) and decompensated cirrhotic subjects (Child-Pugh B+C; CP-B+C). ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) analysis was performed considering three contrast groups: CP vs CTRL, CP-A vs CTRL and CP-A vs CP-B+C. In these comparisons monoterpene and N-compound showed the best diagnostic performance.ConclusionsBreath analysis by PTR-ToF-MS was able to distinguish cirrhotic patients from healthy subjects and to discriminate those with well compensated liver disease from those at more advanced severity stage. A breath-print of liver cirrhosis was assessed for the first time.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Rapid “Breath-Print” of Liver Cirrhosis by Proton Transfer Reaction Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. A Pilot Study.

et al. 2013

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“…Moreover, in a study with rats, inhibition of CYP2E1, one of the cytochrome P450 enzymes in the liver, caused a remarkable increase of these compounds. Thus, the disturbed liver metabolism might also explain the increased levels [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

GC–MS analysis of breath odor compounds in liver patients

Velde

Nevens

hee

et al. 2008

Journal of Chromatography B

223

163

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“…Insulin resistance leads to an increase of triglycerides and free fatty acids and ketones like acetone and 2-butanone are formed during lipolysis. Moreover, early research in rats has shown that the inhibition of CYP2E1 causes a remarkable increase of both compounds in breath [24]. Under normal conditions, saturated hydrocarbons are metabolized by hepatic cytochrome P450 enzymes to alcohols [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breath biomarkers of liver cirrhosis

Dadamio

Velde

Laleman

et al. 2012

Journal of Chromatography B

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The diagnosis of asymptomatic cirrhosis in patients with liver disease is of importance to start screening for complications in due time. Liver biopsy is neither sensitive nor practical enough to be used as a frequent follow-up test in patients with chronic liver disease. The volatile organic compounds present in exhaled breath offer the possibility of exploring internal physiologic and pathologic process in a non invasive way. This study examined whether a specific pattern of biomarkers can be found in breath samples of patients with cirrhosis. To this aim samples of alveolar breath from patients with cirrhosis and healthy volunteers were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. When linear discriminant analysis was used to search for a model(s)/pattern of compounds characteristic for liver cirrhosis, 24 models of 8 independent compounds could distinguish between the groups. The sensitivity and specificity (between 82% and 88%, and 96% and 100%, respectively) of the models suggest that a specific pattern of breath biomarkers can be found in patients with cirrhosis, which may allow detecting this complication of chronic liver disease in an early stage.

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Do Endogenous Volatile Organic Chemicals Measured in Breath Reflect and Maintain CYP2E1 Levelsin Vivo?

Cited by 21 publications

References 23 publications

Rapid “Breath-Print” of Liver Cirrhosis by Proton Transfer Reaction Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. A Pilot Study.

Rapid “Breath-Print” of Liver Cirrhosis by Proton Transfer Reaction Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. A Pilot Study.

GC–MS analysis of breath odor compounds in liver patients

Breath biomarkers of liver cirrhosis

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