Abstract:Purpose: Despite incidence rates that have been rising for decades, the molecular underpinnings that support the development of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remain unclear. Herein, we evaluate expression levels of the hypoxia-induced autocrine survival factor endothelin-2 (EDN2) in patient-matched ccRCC and normal kidney samples.Methods: We identified 169 patients who underwent nephrectomy for histologically confirmed, localized ccRCC at our institution from 2000 to 2003 and had fresh-frozen tumor a… Show more
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