Do Data Characteristics Change According to the Number of Scale Points Used? An Experiment Using 5-Point, 7-Point and 10-Point Scales

Dawes, John

doi:10.1177/147078530805000106

Cited by 1,394 publications

(966 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…After having experienced foot stimulation during walking at all BWS levels, we asked participants for their sensations about the intensity of the pressure stimulus using a 7-point Likert scale (Chang & Troje, 2008;Dawes, 2008), the value 6 corresponding to the maximally experienced sensation across all conditions. We did not ask to discriminate the stimulus for each leg separately since it was symmetric and equal on both sides.…”

Section: Testing the Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel approach to mechanical foot stimulation during human locomotion under body weight support

Gravano

Ivanenko

Maccioni

et al. 2011

Human Movement Science

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a b s t r a c tInput from the foot plays an essential part in perceiving support surfaces and determining kinematic events in human walking. To simulate adequate tactile pressure inputs under body weight support (BWS) conditions that represent an effective form of locomotion training, we here developed a new method of phasic mechanical foot stimulation using light-weight pneumatic insoles placed inside the shoes (under the heel and metatarsus). To test the system, we asked healthy participants to walk on a treadmill with different levels of BWS. The pressure under the stimulated areas of the feet and subjective sensations were higher at high levels of BWS and when applied to the ball and toes rather than heels. Foot stimulation did not disturb significantly the normal motor pattern, and in all participants we evoked a reliable step-synchronized triggering of stimuli for each leg separately. This approach has been performed in a general framework looking for ''afferent templates" of human locomotion that could be used for functional sensory stimulation. The proposed technique can be used to imitate or partially restore surrogate contact forces under body weight support conditions.

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Section: Testing the Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel approach to mechanical foot stimulation during human locomotion under body weight support

Gravano

Ivanenko

Maccioni

et al. 2011

Human Movement Science

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“…According to Knapp (1990) and Dawes (2008), the use of ordinal data as interval data is problematic and may result in the loss of power in statistical analysis. However, Pett (1997) argues that a large sample can minimize the limitations of ordinal variables.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nursing Faculty's Needs of Knowledge, Beliefs, and Readiness to Implement Interprofessional Education in their Teaching: An Exploratory Study

Racine¹,

Bilinski²,

Spriggs³

2016

Quality Advancement in Nursing Education - Avancées en formatio

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We acknowledge the funding received from the Faculty and Staff Professional Development Committee of the College of Nursing at the University of Saskatchewan. We also express our heartfelt thanks the participants who took the time out of their busy schedule to answer this survey. Nous remercions le Comité de développement professionnel du corps professoral et du personnel du Collège des sciences infirmiers à l'University of Saskatchewan pour son appui financier. Nous exprimons également nos remerciements les plus sincères aux participants qui ont pris le temps, malgré leur horaire chargé, de répondre au sondage.

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“…In addition to original 30 questions of Dierendonck and Nuijten (2011), another 30 questions were added, as well as demographic questions (gender, age, work tenure, workload and school size). The original Likert 6 range scale was expanded to 7 ranges, seeking to obtain more precise data (Dawes, 2008). Cronbach alfa for questionnaire's internal consistency was measured, giving 0.90-096 result, p<0.001.…”

Section: Empirical Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between school principals and teachers servant leadership

Pilkienė

2017

PROSOC

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The theory of servant leadership is one of the recognized modern approaches to leadership phenomenon, but more empirical evidence is needed to develop this concept further. Little research of servant leadership is done in the research field of educational leadership in various contexts. In this paper the analysis is made, establishing the connection between the school principals' and teachers' servant leadership in Lithuanian educational context. The literature analysis reveals, that there is an interaction between school principals' and teachers' servant leadership. The model of Van Dierendonck and Nuijten (2011) was taken as a basis for research. The quantitative empirical research was conducted, which involved participation of heads of schools, teachers and pupils in the survey (N= 889). Statistical factor analysis and regression analysis were made. The results of the analysis revealed that servant leadership construct in Lithuanian schools differs from Van Dierendonck and Nuijten (2011) theoretical model. New factor of teachers servant leadership constructdevelopment/coaching -was added.

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Do Data Characteristics Change According to the Number of Scale Points Used? An Experiment Using 5-Point, 7-Point and 10-Point Scales

Cited by 1,394 publications

References 7 publications

A novel approach to mechanical foot stimulation during human locomotion under body weight support

A novel approach to mechanical foot stimulation during human locomotion under body weight support

Nursing Faculty's Needs of Knowledge, Beliefs, and Readiness to Implement Interprofessional Education in their Teaching: An Exploratory Study

The relationship between school principals and teachers servant leadership

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