Do Cytokines Play a Role in Predicting Some Features and Outcome in Infective Endocarditis?

Nunes, Maria Carmo Pereira; Araújo, Izabella Rodrigues de; Carvalho, Andréa Teixeira; Andrade, Letícia Alves; Resende, Marcio Henrique Lima; Silva, José Luiz Padilha da; Ferrari, Teresa C. A.

doi:10.4236/aid.2013.32018

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Previous studies support that proinflammatory cytokines are elevated in the serum of IE patients compared to healthy individuals [ 8 , 10 , 11 , 13 , 23 ], which was confirmed in the present study. However, we observed similar IL-12 levels between IE patients and the healthy controls.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Similarly, Nunes et al . [ 8 ] verified that IL-12 and IL-1β serum concentrations were higher in patients with IE caused by S . aureus compared with streptococcal IE.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, additional diagnostic approach to IE would be of great importance. Considering the infective-inflammatory nature of IE, serum inflammatory markers may contribute to the diagnosis and management of this condition [ 3 , 7 , 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their actions are closely connected with the induction and effector phases of all immune and inflammatory responses [ 9 ]. Several studies have shown elevation of proinflammatory cytokines in the serum of IE patients compared to health subjects [ 8 , 10 – 13 ]. However, only in a few studies, the serum concentrations of inflammatory cytokines were compared between patients with IE and controls with non-IE infections [ 10 , 14 , 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cytokine Signature in Infective Endocarditis

et al. 2015

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Infective endocarditis (IE) is a severe disease with high mortality rate. Cytokines participate in its pathogenesis and may contribute to early diagnosis improving the outcome. This study aimed to evaluate the cytokine profile in IE. Serum concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were measured by cytometric bead array (CBA) at diagnosis in 81 IE patients, and compared with 34 healthy subjects and 30 patients with non-IE infections, matched to the IE patients by age and gender. Mean age of the IE patients was 47±17 years (range, 15–80 years), and 40 (50%) were male. The IE patients had significantly higher serum concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and TNF-α as compared to the healthy individuals. The median levels of IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-12 were higher in the IE than in the non-IE infections group. TNF-α and IL-12 levels were higher in staphylococcal IE than in the non-staphylococcal IE subgroup. There was a higher proportion of both low IL-10 producers and high producers of IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-12 in the staphylococcal IE than in the non-staphylococcal IE subgroup. This study reinforces a relationship between the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, especially IL-1β, IL-12 and TNF-α, and the pathogenesis of IE. A lower production of IL-10 and impairment in cytokine network may reflect the severity of IE and may be useful for risk stratification.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Similarly, Nunes et al . [ 8 ] verified that IL-12 and IL-1β serum concentrations were higher in patients with IE caused by S . aureus compared with streptococcal IE.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cytokine Signature in Infective Endocarditis

et al. 2015

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“…[8]. Известная способность отдельных цитокинов контролировать синтез других подтверждается, в частности, эффектами моноцитарных TNFα и IL-1β, способных индуцировать синтез моноцитами IL-10, который, в свою очередь, угнетает выработку провоспалительных цитокинов [17].…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Cytokine markers of clinical variants of infective endocarditis

Samoylenko

Колесникова

Podsadnyaya³

et al. 2022

Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity

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Abstract. Introduction. Infective endocarditis is a bacterial disease. Pathogen is localized mainly on heart valves and endocardium. This condition is accompanied by immunopathological manifestations and potential generation of septic process being unfavorable prognosis for disease outcome. Currently, the causes of death of patients with endocarditis have been increasingly presented as thromboembolic complications, which severity depends on variant of the disease course. An important role in imbalanced immune system in the infectious process is assigned to altered intercellular interaction mediated via cytokine network. Activated immune cells produce cytokines, which investigating is important in terms of interpreting changes in immune system functionality, assessing the severity of diseases and controlling therapeutic effectiveness. Infective endocarditis remains a severe disease associated with high mortality despite current advances in diagnostics and treatment. A timely diagnostic process and early initiation of treatment are major factors for successful patient management necessitating to improve diagnostics of various clinical variants of endocarditis course, taking into account pathogenetically relevant cytokines. Objective – to comparatively evaluate importance of serum cytokine concentrations in patients with uncomplicated course of infective endocarditis and its thromboembolic complications and determine cytokine markers of various variants of endocarditis course. Materials and methods. An immunological examination of 119 blood serum samples from patients with confirmed diagnosis of infectious endocarditis and 20 samples from apparently healthy persons was carried out. Depending on the clinical disease form, the patients were divided into 4 groups: group 1 – primary infective endocarditis (PIE) with thromboembolic complications (n=24), 2 – PIE without thromboembolic complications (n=34), 3 – secondary IE with thromboembolic complications (n=27), 4 – secondary IE without thromboembolic complications (n=34). The control group consisted of 20 apparently healthy subjects. Immunological studies of serum cytokine concentrations were conducted in all groups. Results. Statistically significant increase in serum concentration of IL-10, IL-6, VEGF-A, IL-18, IL-1Ra and IL-8 was revealed in all clinical groups of patients compared to those in control group (p0,05). By correlation analysis, we found a significant positive relationship between IL-10 and IL-18 or IL-6. An increase in the concentration of IL-10 leads to increased level of pro-inflammatory IL-18 and IL-6. The marker of secondary endocarditis was observed as increased level of serum concentrations of IFN-γ. A characteristic feature of primary infective endocarditis with thromboembolic complications was revealed as significantly increased serum concentration of IL-8, IL-1Ra and IL-6. Markers of secondary complicated endocarditis were identified as increased level of IL-6, VEGF-A and IL-18.

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Inflammatory biomarkers in infective endocarditis: machine learning to predict mortality

Ris

Teixeira-Carvalho

Coelho

et al. 2019

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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Infective endocarditis (IE) is the cardiac disease with the highest rates of mortality. New biomarkers that are able to identify patients at risk for death are required to improve patient management and outcome. This study aims to investigate if cytokines, chemokines and growth factors measured at IE diagnosis can predict mortality. Patients with definite IE, according to the Duke's modified criteria, were included. Using highperformance Luminex assay, 27 different cytokines, chemokines and growth factors were analyzed. Machine learning techniques were used for the prediction of death and subsequently creating a decision tree, in which the cytokines, chemokines and growth factors were analyzed together with C-reactive protein (CRP). Sixty-nine patients were included, 41 (59%) male, median age 54 [interquartile range (IQR) = 41-65 years] and median time between onset of the symptoms and diagnosis was 12 days (IQR = 5-30 days). The in-hospital mortality was 26% (n = 18). Proinflammatory cytokines interkeukin (IL)-15 and C-C motif chemokine ligand (CCL4)were found to predict death, adding value to CRP levels. The decision tree predicted correctly the outcome of 91% of the patients at hospital admission. The high-risk group, defined as CRP ≥ 72 mg/dL, IL-15 ≥ 5·6 fg/ml and CCL4 ≥ 6·35 fg/ml had an 88% in-hospital mortality rate, whereas the patients classified as low-risk had a mortality rate of 8% (P = < 0·001). Cytokines IL-15 and CCL4 were predictors of mortality in IE, adding prognostic value beyond that provided by CRP levels. Assessment of cytokines has potential value for clinical risk stratification and monitoring in IE patients.

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Do Cytokines Play a Role in Predicting Some Features and Outcome in Infective Endocarditis?

Cited by 5 publications

References 23 publications

Cytokine Signature in Infective Endocarditis

Cytokine Signature in Infective Endocarditis

Cytokine markers of clinical variants of infective endocarditis

Inflammatory biomarkers in infective endocarditis: machine learning to predict mortality

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