Do conditional cash transfers influence migration? A study using experimental data from the Mexican progresa program

Stecklov, Guy; Winters, Paul; Stampini, Marco; Davis, Benjamin

doi:10.1353/dem.2005.0037

Cited by 110 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…These findings confirmed those of other Oportunidades evaluations regarding the contraceptive behavior and fertility of female beneficiaries aged 14-49 and women aged 20-49 who gave birth within three years of baseline (Huerta and Hernández 2000;Stecklov et al 2005) and contrasted with what others found among women aged 15-49 (Hernández Prado et al 2005) after two years of program exposure. The current study found a small yet significant effect of the program on contraceptive use among titulares in 2000, in accordance with the small increase (2 percent; p = 0.01) that Stecklov and his colleagues (2006) found.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…We offer two possible explanations for the program's surprising lack of effect on birth spacing, given that contraceptive use-one of the primary proximate determinants of fertility (Bongaarts and Potter 1983)-increased. First, male migration to the United States appears to have decreased as a result of the Oportunidades program (Stecklov et al 2005), and with more men at home, suggest Stecklov and his colleagues (2006), there may be a greater frequency of intercourse and, consequently, an increased demand for contraception without a corresponding decline in fertility. Second, the lack of correspondence between contraceptive use and birth spacing might have been a consequence of our narrow definition of contraceptive use-namely, use of modern methods.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Contraceptive Use, Birth Spacing, and Autonomy: An Analysis of the Oportunidades Program in Rural Mexico

Feldman¹,

Zaslavsky²,

Ezzati

et al. 2009

Studies in Family Planning

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Oportunidades, a conditional cash‐transfer program instituted in Mexico in 1997, provides cash incentives to mothers to invest in the health and education of family members. Drawing from data gathered by Mexico's National Institute of Public Health, this study assesses the effect of the program on contraceptive use and birth spacing among titulares (female household heads) living in rural areas during the experimental period, 1998–2000, and during 2000–03, after incorporation of the control group. In 2000, titulares were more likely to use modern contraceptives than were women in the control group, although by 2003 all beneficiaries had the same probability of use. Change in autonomy was not a mediator, although baseline autonomy modified the program's influence on contraceptive use. Cox proportional hazard models produced estimates that birth spacing was similar between the beneficiaries and controls. Inconsistent findings may be the result of the way contraceptive use was defined in this study. Findings from this study may be useful for helping program planners better understand the role of conditional cash transfers in modifying family planning and fertility among poor rural women in Latin America.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contraceptive Use, Birth Spacing, and Autonomy: An Analysis of the Oportunidades Program in Rural Mexico

Feldman¹,

Zaslavsky²,

Ezzati

et al. 2009

Studies in Family Planning

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In Mexico, the program led to a decrease or no impact on domestic migration but a small increase in international migration (Angelucci 2012;Stecklov et al 2005), 2 while in Nicaragua there was an increase in migration of males across a wide age range (Winters, Stecklov and Todd 2006). 3 In related literature in South Africa, Ardington, Case, and Hosegood (2009) use longitudinal data to examine the effect of a household member gaining or losing an old-age pension on labor migration of prime age adults living in the same household.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Staying for Benefits: The Effect of a Health and Family Planning Program on Out-Migration Patterns in Bangladesh

Barham¹,

Kuhn²

2014

Journal of Human Resources

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:There is concern that government programs or development aid alter the pattern of domestic migration. We exploit the quasi-random placement of a health and family planning program in Bangladesh to examine if the program changed migration patterns between 1979-91. We find the flow of out-migration to domestic destinations was 19 percent lower in the treatment than the comparison area for men and women when program differences were largest. Due to return migration, program effects diminished and the stock of migrants living outside the study area was lower for women at 9 percent and there were no significant effects for men.

show abstract

“…In another study, men from central-western Mexico were more likely to emigrate to the United States in years when the Mexican interest rate increased, which could reflect a substitution between the U.S. wages and costly loans in Mexico (Massey and Espinosa 1997). Research works on cash transfers, which may function as an alternative source of capital to bank loans or migrant remittances, find inconsistent patterns in relation to migration (Angelucci 2011(Angelucci , 2012Stecklov et al 2005).…”

Section: Conclude Thatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Loans and Leaving: Migration and the Expansion of Microcredit in Cambodia

Bylander

Hamilton

2015

Popul Res Policy Rev

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Over the last decade, the expansion of microfinance institutions (MFIs) has dramatically shifted the availability of credit across the developing world. This recent development provides an opportunity to examine the relationship between household labor migration and access to and use of formal credit. Both theories of migration and the expectations of formal credit providers have suggested that labor migration and credit are substitute solutions to the demand for capital in the developing world, with the implication that greater access to formal financial services may stem migration out of rural places. Using household survey data from Cambodia, an MFI-saturated country, we find that households using formal credit and households with greater access to formal credit are more likely to have labor migrants than households without access. This association persists across size of loan, purpose of loan, remittances behavior, and for domestic migrations. These findings complicate our understanding of the relationship between credit and migration, and call for a greater recognition of the importance of context in framing migration behavior. (Massey et al. 1998;Stark 1982;Taylor et al. 1996). As economic development disrupts subsistence or small-scale household production, households require capital to facilitate their transition to market-based production and consumption, and insurance to mediate risk while doing so. However, financial services are often lacking or inaccessible in developing economies. NELM theory views labor migration as a solution to this developmental dilemma, as migrant wages can be remitted or returned for investment and consumption at home, as well as used for risk management. More specifically, NELM theory proposes that migration and credit function as substitute solutions to a basic and crucial need for capital, and that migration serves as a substitute to insurance by providing a means of diversifying risk, in developing economies. By extension, both scholars and policy-makers have suggested that the development and expansion of credit and insurance markets in migrant-sending areas may stem out-migration (e.g., De Brauw and Rozelle 2008;Massey et al. 2002;Rozelle et al. 1999;Taylor et al. 1996;Zohir and Matin 2004). Reviews of research on the causes of migration characterize absent or limited financial markets as ''fundamental causes'' of migration (Taylor et al. 1996, p. 405), but studies exploring the relationship between access to credit or insurance markets and migration are mostly lacking. Studies of the relationship between credit and migration are complicated by the very nature of the dilemma: because poor, rural households do not have access to credit and insurance, there is limited empirical basis on which to consider the suggestion that migration is a response to their absence. Research in support of NELM, therefore, has tended to focus on patterns of remittance use, return migration, and business development (Durand et al. 1996;Garip 2012;Lindstrom and Lauster 2001;Taylor 1...

show abstract

Do conditional cash transfers influence migration? A study using experimental data from the Mexican progresa program

Cited by 110 publications

References 29 publications

Contraceptive Use, Birth Spacing, and Autonomy: An Analysis of the Oportunidades Program in Rural Mexico

Contraceptive Use, Birth Spacing, and Autonomy: An Analysis of the Oportunidades Program in Rural Mexico

Staying for Benefits: The Effect of a Health and Family Planning Program on Out-Migration Patterns in Bangladesh

Loans and Leaving: Migration and the Expansion of Microcredit in Cambodia

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About