Do Bullied Children Get Ill, or Do Ill Children Get Bullied? A Prospective Cohort Study on the Relationship Between Bullying and Health-Related Symptoms

Fekkes, Minne; Pijpers, Frans I. M.; Fredriks, A.M.; Vogels, T.; Verloove-Vanhorick, S.P.

doi:10.1542/peds.2005-0187

Cited by 477 publications

(390 citation statements)

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“…High levels of internalizing symptomology during childhood and adolescence predict subsequent victimization eight years later (Cook, Williams, Guerra, Kim, & Sadek, 2010;Sourander, Helstela, Helenius, & Piha, 2000). Furthermore, children who are not victimized but display depressive symptoms at the start of a school year are at increased risk for victimization six months later (Fekkes, Pijpers, Fredriks, Vogels, & Verloove-Vanhorick, 2006). A recent meta-analysis of 18 longitudinal studies also confirms this prospective relationship between internalizing and victimization (Reijntjes, Kamphuis, Prinzie, & Telch , 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Mapping Developmental Precursors of Cyber-Aggression: Trajectories of Risk Predict Perpetration and Victimization

Modecki

Barber

Vernon

2012

J Youth Adolescence

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Technologically mediated contexts are social arenas in which adolescents can be both perpetrators and victims of aggression. Yet, there remains little understanding of the developmental etiology of cyber aggression, itself, as experienced by either perpetrators or victims. The current study examines three-year latent within-person trajectories of known correlates of cyber-aggression, problem behavior, (low) self-esteem, and depressed mood, in a large and diverse sample of youth (N = 1364; 54.6% female; 12-14 years old at T1 ). Findings demonstrate that developmental increases in problem behavior across grades 8-10 predict both cyber-perpetration and victimization in grade 11. Developmental decreases in self-esteem also predicted both grade 11 perpetration and victimization. Finally, early depressed mood predicted both perpetration and victimization later on, regardless of developmental change in depressed mood in the interim. Our results reveal a clear link between risky developmental trajectories across the early high school years and later cyber-aggression and imply that mitigating trajectories of risk early on may lead to decreases in cyber-aggression at a later date.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Mapping Developmental Precursors of Cyber-Aggression: Trajectories of Risk Predict Perpetration and Victimization

Modecki

Barber

Vernon

2012

J Youth Adolescence

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“…Victimization is stressful for Bullying 16 children and negatively impacts self-concept, both of which are associated with mental health problems (Grills & Ollendick, 2002;Marsh, Parada, Yeung, & Healey, 2001;Nansel, 2004;O'Moore & Kirkham, 2001). This relationship is likely bidirectional, however, as children with mental health problems tend to be at risk for victimization (Fekkes et al, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As mentioned, there is evidence of a bidirectional relationship between internalizing mental health problems and victimization within the bullying literature (Fekkes et al, 2006). On the one hand, victimization is stressful for children, especially considering the value children place on friendships and Bullying 17 acceptance from peers, and such stress can lead to mental health problems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, mental health problems can make children appear more vulnerable to aggressive peers, placing them at risk for victimization. Children who experience internalizing mental health problems tend to exhibit less assertiveness and self-confidence than their peers, and it has been suggested that aggressive children likely believe that these children will not stand up for themselves if/when victimized (Crick, Casas, & Hu, 1999;Fekkes et al, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bullying Experiences Among Children and Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorders

Cappadocia

Weiss

Pepler

2011

J Autism Dev Disord

434

298

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“…In fact, data suggest that the phenomenon of bullying varies significantly from place to place. [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] For example, some data suggest that one of the most well-known anti-bullying interventions, the Norwegian Olweus Bullying Prevention Program, is significantly less effective in the United States than in Scandinavia. 19,20 Variations in culture, school variables, or socioeconomic factors may account for these differences.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bullying and School Safety

Glew¹,

Fan²,

Katon³

et al. 2008

The Journal of Pediatrics

139

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Objective-To identify an association between involvement in bullying and problems in school.Study design-This was a cross-sectional study of 5391 students in grades 7, 9, and 11 in an urban public school district. The main outcome measure was involvement in bullying. Secondary outcomes included attendance, grade point average, psychosocial distress, and perceived acceptability of carrying guns to school.Results-Of the 5391 children surveyed, 26% were involved in bullying either as victim, bully, or both (bully-victim). All 3 groups were significantly more likely than bystanders to feel unsafe at school and sad most days. Victims and bully-victims were more likely to say they are "no good." Victims were more likely to feel that they "do not belong" in their school. The odds of being a victim (vs a bystander) were 10% lower for every 1 point increase in grade point average. Bully-victims were more likely to say that it is "not wrong" to take a gun to school.Conclusions-Associations between involvement in bullying and academic achievement, psychological distress, and the belief that it is not wrong to take a gun to school reinforce the notion that school environment is interrelated with mental health and school success.Bullying is defined as any repeated negative activity or aggression intended to harm or bother someone who is perceived by peers as being less physically or psychologically powerful than the aggressor. 1 Of particular concern is that bullying may have an adverse impact on victims' scholastic achievement, desire to attend school, and psychological health. 2 In 2000, Nansel et al 3 found a prevalence of bullying involvement (as bully, victim, or both [bully-victim]) among American teens and preteens of approximately 30%. But although this study found a significant association between bullying involvement and lower self-reported academic achievement, it did not use objective measures of academic achievement. Two other studies found a relationship between victim status and lower grade point averages. 4,5 Results from studies of other age groups in other countries vary. [6][7][8] Between 1994 and 1999, 220 school-associated violent deaths occurred in the United States, of which 172 were committed by students. Analysis revealed that the offending students were 2.6 times more likely to have been bullied than their victims. 9 One US national study reported that during 1 month in 2001, 2.7 million students carried a weapon to school. In that study, carrying weapons was associated both with being a bully and with being a victim 19,20 Variations in culture, school variables, or socioeconomic factors may account for these differences. [19][20][21] The present study arose from an offer by a US urban school district to allow the authors to analyze the results of a survey designed to assess and improve the school climate. The goal was to characterize bullies, victims, and bully-victims as completely as possible given the available information. We identified the opportunity to answer the following specific...

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Do Bullied Children Get Ill, or Do Ill Children Get Bullied? A Prospective Cohort Study on the Relationship Between Bullying and Health-Related Symptoms

Cited by 477 publications

References 35 publications

Mapping Developmental Precursors of Cyber-Aggression: Trajectories of Risk Predict Perpetration and Victimization

Mapping Developmental Precursors of Cyber-Aggression: Trajectories of Risk Predict Perpetration and Victimization

Bullying Experiences Among Children and Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorders

Bullying and School Safety

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