Do barriers to candidacy reduce political competition? Evidence from a bachelor’s degree requirement for legislators in Pakistan

Afzal, Madiha

doi:10.1007/s11127-013-0126-2

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The main finding suggests that higher levels of political competitiveness in Pakistan is associated with better economic policies. This link between political competition and economic policies stands intact even if the MIPC is replaced with more general measures of political competition, i.e., those utilized by Besley et al (2010) or Afzal (2014). Also, consistent with the theory -as a robustness checkour findings also indicate a positive impact of political competition on the country's GDP and per-capita income.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 67%

“…However, in a multiparty system, stronger political competition can be represented by larger number of candidates or political parties contesting the elections, larger variation in distribution of votes across contestants and a smaller vote share for the winning candidate or political party, less concentrated candidate field (Afzal, 2014), and a smaller variation in the number of seats won by all the political parties running in the elections.…”

Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Political competition and economic policy: empirical evidence from Pakistan

Chaudhry

Mazhar

2019

Economics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The influence of politics on economic policy is not fully understood. The challenge to ensure political inclusiveness and economic prosperity remains. Perhaps, one way to attain this objective is by increasing political competition. This paper gathers empirical evidence from Pakistan, a country with a checkered political history characterized by episodes of representative, non-representative, and indirectly elected governments. In recent years, the country has witnessed a gradual strengthening of democratic rules with economic progress. Focusing on nine elections held over 1970 to 2015 the authors measure political competition and estimate its impact on economic policy. Contrary to popular conceptions about Pakistan’s economy, they find a positive association between lack of political competition and poor economic policy. This finding holds at national as well as subnational levels in Pakistan and withstands a number of robustness tests.

show abstract

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Political competition and economic policy: empirical evidence from Pakistan

Chaudhry

Mazhar

2019

Economics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“… 7 See Afzal (2014) for a study on the relationship between political competition and an education requirement for politicians.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Independent Candidates and Political Representation in India

Kapoor

Magesan

2018

Am Polit Sci Rev

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We estimate the causal effect of independent candidates on voter turnout and election outcomes in India. To do this, we exploit exogenous changes in the entry deposit candidates pay for their participation in the political process, changes that disproportionately excluded candidates with no affiliation to established political parties. A one standard deviation increase in the number of independent candidates increases voter turnout by more than 6 percentage points, as some voters choose to vote rather than stay home. The vote share of independent candidates increases by more than 10 percentage points, as some existing voters switch who they vote for. Thus, independents allow winning candidates to win with less vote share, decrease the probability of electing a candidate from the governing coalition by about 31 percentage points, and ultimately increase the probability of electing an ethnic-party candidate. Altogether, the results imply that the price of participation by independents is constituency representation in government.

show abstract

“…(3):where c are dummy variables for each year after an election, indexed by c ∈ [0, 3] , and c is the coefficient of interest. Equations (1-3) are estimated using population-weighted least squares, as is common when observational units have substantially different populations [90][91][92], and hypothesis testing is done using standard errors clustered on the county election cycle.…”

Section: Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elections have Consequences: Partisan Politics may be Literally Killing Us

Maas

2020

Appl Health Econ Health Policy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Do barriers to candidacy reduce political competition? Evidence from a bachelor’s degree requirement for legislators in Pakistan

Cited by 16 publications

References 8 publications

Political competition and economic policy: empirical evidence from Pakistan

Political competition and economic policy: empirical evidence from Pakistan

Independent Candidates and Political Representation in India

Elections have Consequences: Partisan Politics may be Literally Killing Us

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About