Do Attachment Style and Emotion Regulation Strategies Indicate Distress in Predictive Testing?

Meer, L. Bouke van der; Duijn, Erik van; Giltay, Erik J.; Tibben, Aad

doi:10.1007/s10897-015-9822-z

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…With regard to other predictive tests, factors that have been associated with maladaptive psychological reactions to negative test results are high levels of depression, anxiety, catastrophizing, neuroticism, or hopelessness about one’s health. 26–28 Because individuals at risk for schizophrenia are more likely than the general population to experience depression, anxiety, and high rates of neuroticism, it could be that negative psychological reactions to receiving information involving a high risk would be more common in this population. 29,30 In contrast, high levels of ego-strength are associated with psychological well-being 1 year after testing positive for Huntington’s disease, and thus they may act as a protective factor.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hopes and Expectations Regarding Genetic Testing for Schizophrenia Among Young Adults at Clinical High-Risk for Psychosis

Friesen

Lawrence

Brucato

et al. 2016

Journal of Psychiatric Practice

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Genetic tests for schizophrenia could introduce both risks and benefits. Little is known about the hopes and expectations of young adults at clinical high-risk for psychosis concerning genetic testing for schizophrenia, despite the fact that these youth could be among those highly affected by such tests. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 15 young adults at clinical high-risk for psychosis to ask about their interest, expectations, and hopes regarding genetic testing for schizophrenia. Most participants reported a high level of interest in genetic testing for schizophrenia, and the majority said they would take such a test immediately if it were available. Some expressed far-reaching expectations for a genetic test, such as predicting symptom severity and the timing of symptom onset. Several assumed that genetic testing would be accompanied by interventions to prevent schizophrenia. Participants anticipated mixed reactions to finding out they had a genetic risk for schizophrenia, suggesting that they might feel both a sense of relief and a sense of hopelessness. We suggest that genetic counseling could play an important role in counteracting a culture of genetic over-optimism and helping young adults at clinical high-risk for psychosis understand the limitations of genetic testing. Counseling sessions could also invite individuals to explore how receiving genetic risk information might impact their well-being, as early evidence suggests that some psychological factors help individuals cope, whereas others heighten distress related to genetic test results.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hopes and Expectations Regarding Genetic Testing for Schizophrenia Among Young Adults at Clinical High-Risk for Psychosis

Friesen

Lawrence

Brucato

et al. 2016

Journal of Psychiatric Practice

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“…These trait variables inherently influence psychological well-being. Therefore, distress is not only influenced by gene status but also by gender, illness history, demographic, or psychological variables (Croyle et al 1997;Cukier et al 2013;van der Meer et al 2015). Tercyak et al also showed that the distress level after receiving a genetic test result also depends on the coping style and not just on the positive or negative gene status (Tercyak et al 2001).…”

Section: Findings Are Contradictorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, distress is not only influenced by gene status but also by gender, illness history, demographic, or psychological variables (Croyle et al 1997;Cukier et al 2013;van der Meer et al 2015). Tercyak et al also showed that the distress level after receiving a genetic test result also depends on the coping style and not just on the positive or negative gene status (Tercyak et al 2001). However, the experience of a prior cancer diagnosis can enhance the coping abilities of mutation carriers (Hallowell et al 2004;Meiser 2005).…”

Section: Findings Are Contradictorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More definitive groups, individuals from different social origins, and non-Caucasian participants in intermediate-and long-term designs are needed to get a better idea of the psychological burden on these patients. Furthermore, it is absolutely essential to examine psychological outcomes like family function, risk factors, unmet needs, mutation carrier's worries and coping strategies, and specific personality structures to predict the intermediate-and long-term psychological impact (Crotser and Boehmke 2009;Tercyak et al 2001;van der Meer et al 2015). Well-implemented distress screening instruments are not sufficient for precisely identifying the psychological burden of genetic testing (Vos et al 2013a, b).…”

Section: Conclusion and Clinical Implicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Psychological Distress, Anxiety, and Depression of Cancer‐Affected BRCA1/2 Mutation Carriers: a Systematic Review

Graf¹,

Wochnowski²,

Bosse³

et al. 2016

Journal of Genetic Counseling

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Understanding the intermediate- and long-term psychological consequences of genetic testing for cancer patients has led to encouraging research, but a clear consensus of the psychosocial impact and clinical routine for cancer-affected BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers is still missing. We performed a systematic review of intermediate- and long-term studies investigating the psychological impact like psychological distress, anxiety, and depression in cancer-affected BRCA mutation carriers compared to unaffected mutation carriers. This review included the screening of 1243 studies. Eight intermediate- and long-term studies focusing on distress, anxiety, and depression symptoms among cancer-affected mutation carriers at least six months after the disclosure of genetic testing results were included. Studies reported a great variety of designs, methods, and patient outcomes. We found evidence indicating that cancer-affected mutation carriers experienced a negative effect in relation to psychological well-being in terms of an increase in symptoms of distress, anxiety, and depression in the first months after test disclosure. In the intermediate- and long-term, no significant clinical relevant symptoms occurred. However, none of the included studies used specific measurements, which can clearly identify psychological burdens of cancer-affected mutation carriers. We concluded that current well-implemented distress screening instruments are not sufficient for precisely identifying the psychological burden of genetic testing. Therefore, future studies should implement coping strategies, specific personality structures, the impact of genetic testing, supportive care needs and disease management behaviour to clearly screen for the possible intermediate- and long-term psychological impact of a positive test disclosure.

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“…Facing an unknown future was scarier than facing a known disease. van der Meer et al (2015) found that attachment anxiety and maladaptive emotional coping such as catastophizing are predictive of pre-and post-test emotional distress. They suggest that positive reappraisal of life with or without the gene mutation can help reduce distress.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

The Confluence of Psychiatric Symptoms and Neurodegenerative Disease: Impact on Genetic Counseling

Goldman

Huey

Thorne

2016

Journal of Genetic Counseling

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Hereditary neurodegenerative diseases can present with a psychiatric prodrome that overlaps with psychiatric symptoms that are not primary to these diseases. When individuals present for predictive testing while experiencing such symptoms, clinicians including genetic counselors, must proceed with caution and evaluate each situation on a case-by-case basis. Legitimate reasons may exist for moving forward with testing. Additionally predicting the consequences of testing is unrealistic so that the clinicians must do their best to prepare patients for both positive and negative results. A multidisciplinary team following the Huntington disease protocol remains the gold standard care for predictive testing for such patients. We discuss 3 case histories that demonstrate the complex nature of genetic counseling and testing in the presence of psychiatric symptoms, whether emanating from the disease itself or the results of living in an affected family.

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Do Attachment Style and Emotion Regulation Strategies Indicate Distress in Predictive Testing?

Cited by 18 publications

References 33 publications

Hopes and Expectations Regarding Genetic Testing for Schizophrenia Among Young Adults at Clinical High-Risk for Psychosis

Hopes and Expectations Regarding Genetic Testing for Schizophrenia Among Young Adults at Clinical High-Risk for Psychosis

Psychological Distress, Anxiety, and Depression of Cancer‐Affected BRCA1/2 Mutation Carriers: a Systematic Review

The Confluence of Psychiatric Symptoms and Neurodegenerative Disease: Impact on Genetic Counseling

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