Do Abiotic Stresses Affect the Aroma of Damask Roses?

Abstract

Roses are popular ornamental plants all over the world. Rosa damascena Mill., also known as the damask rose, is a well-known scented rose species cultivated to produce essential oil. The essential oils obtained are high in volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which are in demand across the pharmaceutical, food, perfume, and cosmetic industries. Citronellol, nonadecane, heneicosane, caryophyllene, geraniol, nerol, linalool, and phenyl ethyl acetate are the most important components of the rose essential oil. Abiotic factors, including as environmental stress and stress generated by agricultural practises, frequently exert a selective impact on particular floral characteristics, hence influencing the overall quality and quantity of rose products. Additionally, it has been observed that the existence of stress exerts a notable impact on the chemical composition and abundance of aromatic compounds present in roses. Therefore, understanding the factors that affect the biosynthesis of VOCs, especially those representing the aroma and scent of rose, as a response to abiotic stress is important. This review provides comprehensive information on plant taxonomy, an overview of the volatolomics involving aromatic profiles, and describes the influence of abiotic stresses on the biosynthesis of the VOCs in damask rose.

Pharmaceutical Potential Evaluation of Damask Rose By-Products from Volatile Oil Extraction

“…The botanical origins of the Damask roses were elucidated by Iwata et al [ 29 ], revealing a complex lineage involving the maternal ancestor R. moschata and two successive crossings ( R. moschata × R. gallica ) × R. fedschenkoana Regel. Generally, the morphological characteristics of these roses are flowering shrubs, characterised by an upright stem adorned with sharp, curved thorns, which attains a substantial height of 1–2 m. Notably, its flowering potential is remarkable, with the capability to yield between 500 and 600 flowers annually, contingent upon reaching a minimum age of four years [ 30 , 31 ]. The flowers themselves exhibit a captivating spectrum of colours, ranging from delicate light pink to medium pink and culminating in rich, dark red hues.…”

Physiological and Biochemical Analysis Revealing the Key Factors Influencing 2-Phenylethanol and Benzyl Alcohol Production in Crabapple Flowers

“…This aligns with the trends observed in the corresponding indices, suggesting that sufficient soluble sugar content may boost BA content. This phenomenon could be attributed to plants evolving adaptive strategies over an extended evolutionary process, adjusting the synthesis of floral compounds to varying ecological conditions [ 68 ]. Therefore, our study’s hypothesis explored whether a proper increase in the N and soluble sugar could induce the release of 2-PE and BA, respectively, from these two species.…”