DNA Sequencing: Current State and Prospects of Development

Abstract

In this review, we collected and classified the stages of development of DNA sequencing methods and described its peculiarities. We pay attention mostly on solid-stead nanopore sequencing methods. Detailed discussion of the peculiarity and feasibility of the electrical methods of DNA sequencing is discussed. The detail analyses of the literature data, some critical considerations and the potential ways of optimization of DNA nanopore sequencing were presented.

Carbon nanopores for DNA sequencing: a review on nanopore materials

“…Through this transverse tunneling, the current from CNTs was measured in the range of nano-amperes, which can probably solve the problem of the fast translocation speed of a DNA molecule given that the generated ionic current is only in the pico-ampere range, especially in a high frequency area. 198 In this case, the movement of molecules in the electrolyte is only dependent on the gravity and drag force. The four DNA bases can be distinguished by their different electrical resistances.…”

“…The four DNA bases can be distinguished by their different electrical resistances. [196][197][198] However, many challenges exist and hinder the development and practical applications of CNT nanopore sequencers. For example, the large-scale fabrication of CNTs with a particular structure still remains a major challenge.…”

Noises and Signal-to-Noise Ratio of Nanosize EIS and ISFET Biosensors

“…It is clear that for EIS biosensors main physical effects that influence on the low-frequency noise behavior is carried out in the interface electrolyte-insulator (see Figure 8b in [35]). As EIS is the capacitive device the main type of electrical noise must be connected with capacitance (or charge) random fluctuation.…”

A Step toward Amino Acid-Labeled DNA Sequencing: Boosting Transmission Sensitivity of Graphene Nanogap

“…Steadily and affirmatively growing efforts have now reached the goal per genome sequencing cost of less than US $100 . Genomic information is of great importance for applications in many domains such as personalized human medicine, biotech, diagnosis, disease prevention, evolutionary biology, security issues, and so on . Next-generation DNA sequencing (NGS) techniques utilizing ionic current and transverse current approaches are at the helm of the development of a facile and high-throughput method for sequencing DNA at single-nucleotide resolution. − Nanopores, pores of nanometer diameters, have been widely investigated as a workhorse for ultrafast next-generation DNA sequencing and are even being commercialized.…”