DNA sequence of the herpes simplex virus type 1 gene whose product is responsible for transcriptional activation of immediate early promoters

Dalrymple, M A; McGeoch, Duncan J.; Davison, Andrew J.; Preston, Chris M.

doi:10.1093/nar/13.21.7865

Cited by 125 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…The RII-i insertion, which selectively disrupts the interaction of VP16 with the Oct-1 POU domain, lies within this putative helix, as do several point and truncation mutations that negatively affect HCF-dependent VP16-induced complex assembly (Greaves and O'Hare 1990). Interestingly, the VP16 analog (ORF10 protein) of the HSV-related varicella-zoster virus (VZV) lacks both a region analogous to positions 378-389 of VP16 and a carboxy-terminal acidic domain (Dalrymple et al 1985). The results of the present studies suggest that a deletion in the 378-389 region should render the protein unable to interact with Oct-l, while the absence of a carboxy-terminal acidic region in the ORF 10 protein suggests that it will not activate transcription.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The herpes simplex virus trans-activator VP16 recognizes the Oct-1 homeo domain: evidence for a homeo domain recognition subdomain.

Stern

Herr²

1991

Genes & Development

121

103

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The homeo domain of the Oct-1 transcription factor directs formation of a muhiprotein-DNA complex containing Oct-l, the herpes simplex virus (HSV) trans-activator VP16, and a second host cell factor (HCF). This VP16-induced complex alters the regulatory activity of Oct-l, in part, by associating it with the potent VP16 acidic transcriptional activation domain. Here, we show that in the absence of HCF, VP16 can recognize specifically the Oct-1 homeo domain. A region of VP16 near the acidic activation domain appears to be involved exclusively in homeo domain recognition because a 4-amino-acid insertion within this region only affects the ability of VP16 to interact with Oct-l, leaving its DNA-and HCF-binding activities unchanged. A 33-amino-acid peptide containing this region complexes with the Oct-1 POU domain bound to DNA, suggesting that this VP16 region contains an autonomous homeo domain recognition subdomain.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The herpes simplex virus trans-activator VP16 recognizes the Oct-1 homeo domain: evidence for a homeo domain recognition subdomain.

Stern

Herr²

1991

Genes & Development

121

103

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“…The chimeric activator gene cassette contains the EcR ligand-binding region transcriptionally fused to the 441-bp GAL4 DNA-binding domain (amino acids 1-147; Laughon and Gesteland, 1984), the 264-bp VP16 acidic activation domain (amino acids 413-490) from Herpes simplex virus (Dalrymple et al, 1985), and the D to F regions containing the ligand-binding domain (amino acids 206-539) of EcR from Choristoneura fumiferana (spruce budworm; Perera et al, 1999), introduced between the constitutive G10-90 promoter (P 10-90 ; Ishige et al, 1999) and the nopaline synthase terminator sequence (Nos 3#). In p1002, the VP16 domain is positioned N terminally followed by the GAL4 and EcR domains (VGE), whereas in p1003, the GAL4 domain is positioned N terminally followed by the VP16 and EcR domains (GVE; Fig.…”

Section: Plasmid Constructsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulated Ethylene Insensitivity through the Inducible Expression of the Arabidopsis etr1-1 Mutant Ethylene Receptor in Tomato

Gallie

2010

Plant Physiol.

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Ethylene serves as an important hormone controlling several aspects of plant growth and development, including fruit ripening and leaf and petal senescence. Ethylene is perceived following its binding to membrane-localized receptors, resulting in their inactivation and the induction of ethylene responses. Five distinct types of receptors are expressed in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), and mutant receptors have been described that repress ethylene signaling in a dominant negative manner. One such mutant, ethylene resistant1-1 (etr1-1), results in a strong ethylene-insensitive phenotype in Arabidopsis. In this study, regulated expression of the Arabidopsis etr1-1 in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) was achieved using an inducible promoter. In the absence of the inducer, transgenic seedlings remained sensitive to ethylene, but in its presence, a state of ethylene insensitivity was induced, resulting in the elongation of the hypocotyl and root in dark-grown seedlings in the presence of ethylene, a reduction or absence of an apical hook, and repression of ethylene-inducible E4 expression. The level of ethylene sensitivity could be controlled by the amount of inducer used, demonstrating a linear relationship between the degree of insensitivity and etr1-1 expression. Induction of etr1-1 expression also repressed the epinastic response to ethylene as well as delayed fruit ripening. Restoration of ethylene sensitivity was achieved following the cessation of the induction. These results demonstrate the ability to control ethylene responses temporally and in amount through the control of mutant receptor expression.

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“…(A) Schematic representation of VP16 homologs from five herpesviruses and delineation of the VP16-core protein used for crystallography. The VP16 homologs are derived from HSV-1 (strain 17; Campbell et al 1984;Dalrymple et al 1985), VZV (Davison and Scott 1986), GHV-1 (Yanagida et al 1993), EHV-1 (Telford et al 1992), and BHV-1 (Carpenter and Misra 1992). A conserved VP16-core region is shown in dark gray and the carboxy-terminal HSV-1 transcriptional activation domain (AD) is shown in light gray.…”

Section: A Conserved Vp16 Corementioning

confidence: 99%

Crystal structure of the conserved core of the herpes simplex virus transcriptional regulatory protein VP16

Liu

Gong

Huang

et al. 1999

Genes & Development

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On infection, the herpes simplex virus (HSV) virion protein VP16 (Vmw65; ␣TIF) forms a transcriptional regulatory complex-the VP16-induced complex-with two cellular proteins, HCF and Oct-1, on VP16-responsive cis-regulatory elements in HSV immediate-early promoters called TAATGARAT. Comparison of different HSV VP16 sequences reveals a conserved core region that is sufficient for VP16-induced complex formation. The crystal structure of the VP16 core has been determined at 2.1 Å resolution. The results reveal a novel, seat-like protein structure. Together with the activity of mutant VP16 proteins, the structure of free VP16 suggests that it contains (1) a disordered carboxy-terminal region that associates with HCF, Oct-1, and DNA in the VP16-induced complex, and (2) a structured region involved in virion assembly and possessing a novel DNA-binding surface that differentiates among TAATGARAT VP16-response elements.

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DNA sequence of the herpes simplex virus type 1 gene whose product is responsible for transcriptional activation of immediate early promoters

Cited by 125 publications

References 61 publications

The herpes simplex virus trans-activator VP16 recognizes the Oct-1 homeo domain: evidence for a homeo domain recognition subdomain.

The herpes simplex virus trans-activator VP16 recognizes the Oct-1 homeo domain: evidence for a homeo domain recognition subdomain.

Regulated Ethylene Insensitivity through the Inducible Expression of the Arabidopsis etr1-1 Mutant Ethylene Receptor in Tomato

Crystal structure of the conserved core of the herpes simplex virus transcriptional regulatory protein VP16

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