DNA Repair Proteins Are Directly Involved in Regulation of Gene Expression during Plant Immune Response

Song, Junqi; Durrant, Wendy E.; Wang, Shui; Yan, Shunping; Tan, Ek Han; Dong, Xinnian

doi:10.1016/j.chom.2011.01.011

Cited by 69 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(58 reference statements)

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“…For instance, SNI1 (Suppressor of NPR1, Inducible) was proposed to mediate defence gene expression via histone modification 44 . Interestingly, several ssn mutants encode mutated versions of well-established DNA R/R proteins, such as RAD51D (SSN1), SWI/SNF (SSN2) and BRCA2A (SSN3) 30,45,46 . Mutations in any of the three SSN genes results in altered induction of pathogen-responsive genes and increased susceptibility/sensitivity to pathogens and DNAdamaging agents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CRT1 is a nuclear-translocated MORC endonuclease that participates in multiple levels of plant immunity

et al. 2012

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Arabidopsis thaliana CRT1 (compromised for recognition of Turnip Crinkle Virus) was previously shown to be required for effector-triggered immunity. Sequence analyses previously revealed that CRT1 contains the ATPase and S5 domains characteristic of Microchidia (MORC) proteins; these proteins are associated with DNA modification and repair. Here we show that CRT1 and its closest homologue, CRH1, are also required for pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-triggered immunity, basal resistance, nonhost resistance and systemic acquired resistance. Consistent with its role in PAMP-triggered immunity, CRT1 interacted with the PAMP recognition receptor FLS2. Subcellular fractionation and transmission electron microscopy detected a subpopulation of CRT1 in the nucleus, whose levels increased following PAMP treatment or infection with an avirulent pathogen. These results, combined with the demonstration that CRT1 binds DNA, exhibits endonuclease activity, and affects tolerance to the DNA-damaging agent mitomycin C, argue that this prototypic eukaryotic member of the MORC superfamily has important nuclear functions during immune response activation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CRT1 is a nuclear-translocated MORC endonuclease that participates in multiple levels of plant immunity

et al. 2012

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“…Recent work by Bao et al (2013) found an unexpected link between cell cycle progression and plant immunity, suggesting that cell cycle misregulation impacts the expression of R genes. Also, DNA repair proteins have been shown to be directly involved in the regulation of gene expression during plant defense responses (Song et al, 2011). The DNA damage response is an intrinsic component of the plant immune response and, in turn, enhances salicylic acid-mediated defense gene expression (Yan et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Secreted Effector Protein ofUstilago maydisGuides Maize Leaf Cells to Form Tumors

et al. 2015

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The biotrophic smut fungus Ustilago maydis infects all aerial organs of maize (Zea mays) and induces tumors in the plant tissues. U. maydis deploys many effector proteins to manipulate its host. Previously, deletion analysis demonstrated that several effectors have important functions in inducing tumor expansion specifically in maize leaves. Here, we present the functional characterization of the effector See1 (Seedling efficient effector1). See1 is required for the reactivation of plant DNA synthesis, which is crucial for tumor progression in leaf cells. By contrast, See1 does not affect tumor formation in immature tassel floral tissues, where maize cell proliferation occurs independent of fungal infection. See1 interacts with a maize homolog of SGT1 (Suppressor of G2 allele of skp1), a factor acting in cell cycle progression in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and an important component of plant and human innate immunity. See1 interferes with the MAPK-triggered phosphorylation of maize SGT1 at a monocot-specific phosphorylation site. We propose that See1 interferes with SGT1 activity, resulting in both modulation of immune responses and reactivation of DNA synthesis in leaf cells. This identifies See1 as a fungal effector that directly and specifically contributes to the formation of leaf tumors in maize.

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“…Arabidopsis Columbia-0 recombination reporter line 1445 containing partial inverted repeats of the GUS gene has been used by several groups as it is one of the best lines reporting biotic stress-related events (Molinier et al, 2006;Durrant et al, 2007;Wang et al, 2010;Song et al, 2011). Since this line was claimed to be homozygous and carries a single copy of the reporter construct (Molinier et al, 2006), we sought to determine from the published literature the location of the transgene in the Arabidopsis genome to determine the structure of the locus and possible effects of the flanking sequences on reconstitution of GUS expression under biotic stress.…”

Section: Poorly Characterized Shr Line 1445mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reevaluation of the Reliability and Usefulness of the Somatic Homologous Recombination Reporter Lines

et al. 2012

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A widely used approach for assessing genome instability in plants makes use of somatic homologous recombination (SHR) reporter lines. Here, we review the published characteristics and uses of SHR lines. We found a lack of detailed information on these lines and a lack of sufficient evidence that they report only homologous recombination. We postulate that instead of SHR, these lines might be reporting a number of alternative stress-induced stochastic events known to occur at transcriptional, posttranscriptional, and posttranslational levels. We conclude that the reliability and usefulness of the somatic homologous recombination reporter lines requires revision. Thus, more detailed information about these reporter lines is needed before they can be used with confidence to measure genome instability, including the complete sequences of SHR constructs, the genomic location of reporter genes and, importantly, molecular evidence that reconstituted gene expression in these lines is indeed a result of somatic recombination.

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DNA Repair Proteins Are Directly Involved in Regulation of Gene Expression during Plant Immune Response

Cited by 69 publications

References 37 publications

CRT1 is a nuclear-translocated MORC endonuclease that participates in multiple levels of plant immunity

CRT1 is a nuclear-translocated MORC endonuclease that participates in multiple levels of plant immunity

A Secreted Effector Protein ofUstilago maydisGuides Maize Leaf Cells to Form Tumors

Reevaluation of the Reliability and Usefulness of the Somatic Homologous Recombination Reporter Lines

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