DNA Nanotweezers and Graphene Transistor Enable Label‐Free Genotyping

Hwang, Michael Taeyoung; Wang, Zejun; Ping, Jinglei; Ban, Deependra Kumar; Shiah, Zi Chao; Antonschmidt, Leif; Lee, Joon; Liu, Yushuang; Karkisaval, Abhijith G; Johnson, A. T. Charlie; Chen, Fan; Glinsky, Gennadi V.; Lal, Ratnesh

doi:10.1002/adma.201802440

Cited by 81 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…We then examined electrical sensing of DNA in fluid. Consistent with prior reports 5,14 , we also observed that the physical contact of ssDNA strands (let-7b sequence, Supplementary Table 2) imposed n-type doping effects on flat graphene, resulting in a negative shift of Dirac point as shown in Fig. 2a-c.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…8. and Supplementary Table 2) 5,14 . To verify that the DNA molecules were immobilized on the graphene, the surfaces of flat and crumpled graphene were probed using an AFM.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compatibility to the conventional CMOS fabrication process is another potential advantage of using 2D materials, which carbon nanotube, Si-nanowire, nanoparticles do not have. Especially, large area graphene, which is grown through chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method, has been utilized in electrical systems, such as FET device for bio-sensing 5 including detection of pH 11 , microorganisms 12 , blood sugar 12 , and more specifically, proteins at concentrations of 10 fM 12,13 , and nucleic acids (DNA or RNA) at the 100 fM concentrations 5,14 . There are a few reports that showed DNA and RNA detection at aM level, however, had significant level of background noise and lacked robust controls 15,16 .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Ultrasensitive detection of nucleic acids using deformed graphene channel field effect biosensors

et al. 2020

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Field-effect transistor (FET)-based biosensors allow label-free detection of biomolecules by measuring their intrinsic charges. The detection limit of these sensors is determined by the Debye screening of the charges from counter ions in solutions. Here, we use FETs with a deformed monolayer graphene channel for the detection of nucleic acids. These devices with even millimeter scale channels show an ultra-high sensitivity detection in buffer and human serum sample down to 600 zM and 20 aM, respectively, which are ∼18 and ∼600 nucleic acid molecules. Computational simulations reveal that the nanoscale deformations can form 'electrical hot spots' in the sensing channel which reduce the charge screening at the concave regions. Moreover, the deformed graphene could exhibit a band-gap, allowing an exponential change in the source-drain current from small numbers of charges. Collectively, these phenomena allow for ultrasensitive electronic biomolecular detection in millimeter scale structures.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…8. and Supplementary Table 2) 5,14 . To verify that the DNA molecules were immobilized on the graphene, the surfaces of flat and crumpled graphene were probed using an AFM.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultrasensitive detection of nucleic acids using deformed graphene channel field effect biosensors

et al. 2020

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“…First, we dissolved the PBASE powder in DMSO to make the binder we need. 100 mM ethanolamine was used to deactivate the excess reactive groups of PBASE to prevent possible nonspecific binding events, then it was rinsed by DI water [31][32][33]. The prepared PBASE was uniformly applied to the sensor D-type region at ambient temperature, and it was allowed to stand for 4 h while waiting for PBASE to bond with the graphene of the D-type region.…”

Section: The Specific Detection Of Biosensormentioning

confidence: 99%

An Au Nanofilm-Graphene/D-Type Fiber Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor for Highly Sensitive Specificity Bioanalysis

et al. 2020

Sensors

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A highly sensitive Au-graphene structure D-type fiber surface plasmon resonance biosensor is presented in this study to specifically detect biomolecules. The method of growing graphene is employed directly on the copper, and then a gold film of optimum thickness is sputtered, and the copper foil is etched to obtain the structure. This method makes the contact closer between the gold layer and the graphene layer to improve surface plasmon resonance performance. The performance of this type of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor has been previously verified both theoretically and experimentally. With the proposed Au-graphene structure D-type fiber biosensor, the SPR behaviors are obtained and discussed. In the detection of ethanol solution, a red shift of 40 nm is found between the refractive index of 1.3330 and 1.3657. By calculation, the sensitivity of the sensor we designed is 1223 nm/RIU. Besides, the proposed sensor can detect the nucleotide bonding between the double-stranded DNA helix structures. Thus, our sensors can distinguish between mismatched DNA sequences.

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Section: Dna Nanomachinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro/Nano Technology for Next‐Generation Diagnostics

Gao

Tang

et al. 2019

Small Methods

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There has been a constant and urgent need to upgrade the current diagnostic technologies to the next generation by utilizing innovative advanced technologies in order to meet new challenges. Micro/nano technology, a series of methods for design and manipulation materials at the micrometer and nanometer scales, which perfectly covers the key building blocks of life including cells, organelles, proteins, nucleic acids, and other components, has unique advantages over current diagnostic methods. For the applications of micro–nano technology in next‐generation diagnostics, three categories, including microchip‐based devices, DNA nanomachines, and DNA nanomaterials, are extensively reviewed. Specifically, for the microchip‐based devices, terahertz technology and surface acoustic wave technology show their ultrasensitivity of label‐free, amplification‐free diagnosis. For the DNA nanomachines, DNA tweezers, DNA robots, and DNA walkers exhibit a great potential for diagnosis with the arbitrary structures and controllable motion behaviors. For the DNA nanomaterials, DNA aptamers, DNAzymes, and hybrid DNA nanomaterials provide sensitive biorecognition elements and versatile signal transductions, which are demonstrated as promising material candidates for the next‐generation diagnostics. Through this review, it is envisioned that micro/nano technologies will play an important role in the next‐generation diagnostics.

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DNA Nanotweezers and Graphene Transistor Enable Label‐Free Genotyping

Cited by 81 publications

References 39 publications

Ultrasensitive detection of nucleic acids using deformed graphene channel field effect biosensors

Ultrasensitive detection of nucleic acids using deformed graphene channel field effect biosensors

An Au Nanofilm-Graphene/D-Type Fiber Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor for Highly Sensitive Specificity Bioanalysis

Micro/Nano Technology for Next‐Generation Diagnostics

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