DNA microarray technology and bioinformatic web services

Abstract

The pan-genomic microarray technique is used for environmental and/or clinical studies. Although microarray is an accurate and sharp diagnostic tool, the expertized bioinformaticians were able to minimize the outcome biases and maximize the flexibility and accuracy of the technique. The knowledge of bioinformatics plays a key role in association with probe designing and the utilization of correct probe sets and platforms. This technique is divided into two parts as dry lab (in silico studies) and wet lab (in vitro studies). Each part covers the other and are known as complementary divisions. In the case of microarray probe designing, a wide range of software, tools, and databases are necessary. Obviously, the application of right databases, software, and tools decreases the probable biases in the outcomes. Due to the importance of suitable probe designing, this article has focused its look onto a variety of online/offline databases, software, and tools.

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) or genital tract infections (GTIs)? It's the diagnostics that count

“…16s rRNA sequencing technology can provide a complete microbial pattern of the patient’s UGT microbiota. Thus, the patient’s anamnesis, clinical manifestations, diagnostic characteristics and application of appropriate diagnostic methods enable reliable detection and identification necessary for definite, appropriate treatment [ 1 ], [ 2 ], [ 9 ], [ 10 ], [ 12 ], [ 16 ], [ 17 ], [ 24 ], [ 30 ], [ 44 ], [ 45 ], [ 69 ], [ 70 ], [ 71 ].…”

“…C. trachomatis is the major bacterial causative agent of STIs around the world. In some cases, such as the occurrence of trichomoniasis, the presence of T. vaginalis is correlated with the presence of Mycoplasma spp., e.g., M. hominis , and the reduction of L. crispatus populations ([ 1 ], [ 3 ], [ 9 ], [ 44 ], [ 45 ], [ 70 ], [ 71 ]).…”

“…Dipsticks, microscopic observations, microbiological cultivation, test strips, biomarkers, flow cytometry, mass spectrometry, infrared spectroscopy, isothermal microcalorimetry, biosensors, nucleic-acid-based techniques (including PCR), microarray, and sequencing technologies are some of the modern diagnostic techniques and microbial biomarkers. Of course, the use of appropriate diagnostic tools enables us to detect UGTIs with minimal biases [ 1 ], [ 4 ], [ 6 ], [ 7 ], [ 12 ], [ 16 ], [ 30 ], [ 31 ], [ 45 ], [ 69 ], [ 70 ], [ 71 ]. In the following text, these techniques are described in brief.…”

“…In toto, the determination of microbial patterns to detect and identify microbial causative agents of UGTIs will be unavoidable in the near future. Thus, microbial biomarkers are our new options to provid high quality detection and identification of UGTIs [ 2 ], [ 3 ], [ 9 ], [ 10 ], [ 16 ], [ 17 ], [ 45 ], [ 68 ], [ 69 ], [ 70 ], [ 71 ].…”

Identification of key genes and immune infiltration modulated by CPAP in Obstructive sleep apnea by integrated bioinformatics analysis

“…For instance, it was reported that early-morning after one night of intermittent hypoxemia-induced augmentation of DUSP1 gene expression could attenuated by CPAP treatment [7]. With the rapid development of microarray [8] and high-throughput gene sequencing technologies [9], gene expression-based disease biomarkers have attracted more and more attention. Previous studies had identified subcutaneous adipose tissue transcriptional patten modulated in OSA and in response to its effective treatment of CPAP [10].…”