DNA/Magnetic Nanoparticles Composite to Attenuate Glass Surface Nanotopography for Enhanced Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation

Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have extensive pluripotent potential to differentiate into various cell types, and thus they are an important tool for regenerative medicine and biomedical research. In this work, the differentiation of hTERT-transduced adipose-derived MSCs (hMSCs) into chondrocytes, adipocytes and osteoblasts on substrates with nanotopography generated by magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MNPs) and DNA was investigated. Citrate-stabilized MNPs were synthesized by the chemical co-precipitation method and sized around 10 nm according to microscopy studies. It was shown that MNPs@DNA coatings induced chondrogenesis and osteogenesis in hTERT-transduced MSCs. The cells had normal morphology and distribution of actin filaments. An increase in the concentration of magnetic nanoparticles resulted in a higher surface roughness and reduced the adhesion of cells to the substrate. A glass substrate modified with magnetic nanoparticles and DNA induced active chondrogenesis of hTERT-transduced MSC in a twice-diluted differentiation-inducing growth medium, suggesting the possible use of nanostructured MNPs@DNA coatings to obtain differentiated cells at a reduced level of growth factors.

Role of Iron Oxide (Fe2O3) Nanocomposites in Advanced Biomedical Applications: A State-of-the-Art Review

“…The studies conducted in this regard are not limited to BMSC differentiation. For instance, Ishmukhametov et al studied differentiation of adipose-derived MSCs (hMSCs) into chondrocytes, adipocytes and osteoblasts on DNA/Magnetic nanocomposites [ 186 ].…”

Mechanical Stress Improves Fat Graft Survival by Promoting Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Proliferation

“…In addition, MSCs and fibroblasts have been identified as appropriate mechanical stimulatory parameters for regulating proliferation [ 28 ]. In the aspect of differentiation potential, accumulating evidence have shown that the mechanical microenvironments including stiffness and tension influence the osteogenic- and adipogenic-differentiation of ASCs [ 47 , 48 , 49 ]. In addition to the level of mechanical stress, rate of stress relaxation is also identified as the regulator of differentiation of MSCs [ 50 ].…”

“…A lot of efforts to regulate stem cells, particularly by various biomaterials and their nano-architected structures, have been made. Recent studies have shown that advances in the biomaterial- and nano-technologies can provide the temporal and narrow-range of mechanical signal control to regulate ASC fate and behavior [ 42 , 48 , 61 , 62 ], which make it possible to establish more appropriate procedure to apply to the clinic investigation. Thus, the application of specific physical factors can propel the specific phenotype of ASCs potentials in more clinically favorable and specialized direction.…”

Regulation of stem cell fate and function by using bioactive materials with nanoarchitectonics for regenerative medicine

“…So far, the effects of various materials and structures on stem cells have been extensively studied [ 114 , 115 ]. Magnetic nanoarchitectonic materials are used to guide the stem cell differentiation [ 116 , 117 ] and multicellular 3D spheroids [ 118 ]. Those studies will be the cornerstone of nanoarchitectonics using stem cells.…”