DNA injury is acutely enhanced in response to increasing bulks of aerobic physical exercise

Lippi, Giuseppe; Buonocore, Ruggero; Tarperi, Cantor; Montagnana, Martina; Festa, Luca; Danese, Elisa; Benati, Marco; Salvagno, Gian Luca; Bonaguri, Chiara; Roggenbuck, Dirk; Schena, Federico

doi:10.1016/j.cca.2016.06.041

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…This result indicated that the organization of collagen in the MCFC may be altered at high weekly running distances (9). The present findings seem to be consistent with other research that reported that long running distances may be associated with acute damage (37) and competitive running with knee OA (4). At the same time, current findings indicate that running 6–20 km·wk −1 may have positive effects on the quality of knee cartilage tissue and that the so-called U- or J-shaped relationship between running load (distance × biomechanics) and quality of musculoskeletal tissues exists (4,5) (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Regular Running Is Related to the Knee Joint Cartilage Structure in Healthy Adults

JANDACKA,

CASULA,

HAMILL

et al. 2024

Medicine &Amp; Science in Sports &Amp; Exercise

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Purpose The purpose of this study was to determine whether regular running distance and biomechanics are related to medial central femur cartilage (MCFC) structure. Methods The cross-sectional study sample consisted of 1164 runners and non-runners aged 18-65 years. Participants completed questionnaires on physical activity and their running history. We performed quantitative magnetic resonance imaging of knee cartilage - T2 relaxation time (T2) mapping (high T2 indicate cartilage degeneration), and a running biomechanical analysis using a 3-D motion capture system. A 14-day monitoring of the physical activity was conducted. Results Those aged 35-49 years were at a 84% higher odds of having MCFC T2 in the highest level (85th percentile, P < 0.05) compared to youngest adults indicating that MCFC structures may be altered with ageing. Being male was associated with a 34% lower odds of having T2 at the highest level (P < 0.05) compared to females. Non-runners and runners with the highest weekly running distance were more likely to have a high T2 compared to runners with running distance of 6-20 km per week (P < 0.05). In addition, the maximal knee internal adduction moment was associated with a 19% lower odds of having T2 at the highest level (P < 0.05). Conclusions Female compared to males and a middle-aged cohort compared to the younger cohort appeared to be associated with the degeneration of MCFC structures. Runners who ran 6-20 km/week were associated with a higher quality of their MCFC compared to highly active individuals and non-runners. Knee frontal plane biomechanics was related to MCFC structure indicating a possibility of modifying the medial knee collagen fibril network through regular running.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Regular Running Is Related to the Knee Joint Cartilage Structure in Healthy Adults

JANDACKA,

CASULA,

HAMILL

et al. 2024

Medicine &Amp; Science in Sports &Amp; Exercise

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“…Amateur runners completed a 5-km, 10-km, 21-km, and 42-km running trial on four separate occasions. The authors observed a small increase in γ-H2AX foci after both 5 km and 10 km of running, a larger increase after 21 km, and an even larger increase after 42 km, indicating a dose-dependent relationship of DNA damage with distance and intensity [108]. This method could represent a salient methodological approach for future research to better address the complexity of exercise and DNA damage.…”

Section: Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA Damage Following Acute Aerobic Exercise: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

et al. 2019

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Background Exercise is widely recognised for its health enhancing benefits. Despite this, an overproduction of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS), outstripping antioxidant defence mechanisms, can lead to a state of (chronic) oxidative stress. DNA is a vulnerable target of RONS attack and, if left unrepaired, DNA damage may cause genetic instability. Objective This meta-analysis aimed to systematically investigate and assess the overall effect of studies reporting DNA damage following acute aerobic exercise. Methods Web of Science, PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Scopus were searched until April 2019. Outcomes included (1) multiple time-points (TPs) of measuring DNA damage post-exercise, (2) two different quantification methods (comet assay and 8-oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine; 8-OHdG), and (3) protocols of high intensity (≥ 75% of maximum rate of oxygen consumption; VO 2-max) and long distance (≥ 42 km). Results Literature search identified 4316 non-duplicate records of which 35 studies were included in the meta-analysis. The evidence was strong, showcasing an increase in DNA damage immediately following acute aerobic exercise with a large-effect size at TP 0 (0 h) (SMD = 0.875; 95% CI 0.5, 1.25; p < 0.05). When comparing between comet assay and 8-OHdG at TP 0, a significant difference was observed only when using the comet assay. Finally, when isolating protocols of long-distance and high-intensity exercise, increased DNA damage was only observed in the latter. (SMD = 0.48; 95% CI − 0.16, 1.03; p = 0.15 and SMD = 1.18; 95% CI 0.71, 1.65; p < 0.05 respectively). Conclusions A substantial increase in DNA damage occurs immediately following acute aerobic exercise. This increase remains significant between 2 h and 1 day, but not within 5-28 days post-exercise. Such an increase was not observed in protocols of a long-distance. The relationship between exercise and DNA damage may be explained through the hormesis theory, which is somewhat one-dimensional, and thus limited. The hormesis theory describes how exercise modulates any advantageous or harmful effects mediated through RONS, by increasing DNA oxidation between the two end-points of the curve: physical inactivity and overtraining. We propose a more intricate approach to explain this relationship: a multi-dimensional model, to develop a better understanding of the complexity of the relationship between DNA integrity and exercise.

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“…The few reports focusing on exercise-induced γH2AX foci formation include a study showing the influence of aerobic training workload on γH2AX foci parameters. Lippi et al 50 examined adults from the general population and trained athletes were subjected to four sequential running trials of increasing distance: 5, 10, 21 and 42 km. The values of γH2AX foci parameters increased gradually in a distance-dependent manner 50 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lippi et al 50 examined adults from the general population and trained athletes were subjected to four sequential running trials of increasing distance: 5, 10, 21 and 42 km. The values of γH2AX foci parameters increased gradually in a distance-dependent manner 50 . Another study has reported baseline levels and day-to-day variability in γH2AX foci in healthy, moderately trained subjects at rest 51 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in γH2AX and H4K16ac levels are involved in the biochemical response to a competitive soccer match in adolescent players

Kozioł

Żebrowski

Betlej

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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The aim of this study was to examine novel putative markers of the response to the competitive soccer match in adolescent players, such as changes in global levels of γH2AX and H4K16ac in the chromatin of peripheral mononuclear blood cells (PMBCs) and a Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)-based biochemical fingerprint of serum. These characteristics were examined with reference to the physiological and metabolic aspects of this response. Immediately post-match we noticed: (1) a systemic inflammatory response, manifesting as peaks in leukocyte count and changes in concentrations of IL-6, TNFα, and cortisol; (2) a peak in plasma lactate; (3) onset of oxidative stress, manifesting as a decline in GSH/GSSG; (4) onset of muscle injury, reflected in an increase in CK activity. Twenty-four hours post-match the decrease in GSH/GSSG was accompanied by accumulation of MDA and 8-OHdG, macromolecule oxidation end-products, and an increase in CK activity. No changes in SOD1 or GPX1 levels were found. Repeated measures correlation revealed several associations between the investigated biomarkers. The FTIR analysis revealed that the match had the greatest impact on serum lipid profile immediately post-game. In turn, increases in γH2AX and H4K16ac levels at 24 h post-match indicated activation of a DNA repair pathway. Soccer is an intermittent sport characterized by very demanding, high-intensity actions (i.e. sprints, dribbling, jumping, shots) that occurs in bursts over a period of low-intensity activity (i.e. jogging, walking or even brief recovery intervals) 1. As such it cannot be classified as a pure aerobic or pure anaerobic activity and would not be considered resistance training regardless. It represents a mixture of these elements, which together, especially under competitive match conditions, induces a multi-level, acute response in many physiological systems including the hematological, hormonal, musculoskeletal, metabolic and immune systems that is reflected in changes in metabolic and biochemical profiles 1-3. Therefore, soccer game-induced physiological and biochemical changes can be considered a model of whole-body somatic stress 4. First of all, strenuous physical activity has an impact on the hematological system, which manifests as changes in several parameters, mainly leukocyte count 5 and, in many cases, plasma volume expansion 6-8. In addition to transient leukocytosis 5 , the systemic inflammatory response 9 is also reflected in increases in early mediators of exercise-induced inflammation, such as circulating interleukin IL-6 and TNFα 10-12. In addition, a rise in

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DNA injury is acutely enhanced in response to increasing bulks of aerobic physical exercise

Cited by 10 publications

References 19 publications

Regular Running Is Related to the Knee Joint Cartilage Structure in Healthy Adults

Regular Running Is Related to the Knee Joint Cartilage Structure in Healthy Adults

DNA Damage Following Acute Aerobic Exercise: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Changes in γH2AX and H4K16ac levels are involved in the biochemical response to a competitive soccer match in adolescent players

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