DNA index, genome size, and electronic nuclear volume of vertebrates from the Miami Metro Zoo

Krishan, Awtar; Dandekar, Payal; Nathan, Nirmal; Hamelik, Ronald M.; Miller, Christine; Shaw, Jackie

doi:10.1002/cyto.a.20130

Cited by 29 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The genome of the American alligator is approximately 2.5 gigabases [53] comprising 16 pairs of chromosomes [54,55]. The genome size of the saltwater crocodile is around 2.78 gigabases [56] with 17 pairs of chromosomes [54,57].…”

Section: Properties Of Crocodilian Genomes and Available Genomic Resomentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequencing three crocodilian genomes to illuminate the evolution of archosaurs and amniotes

et al. 2012

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Section: Properties Of Crocodilian Genomes and Available Genomic Resomentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequencing three crocodilian genomes to illuminate the evolution of archosaurs and amniotes

et al. 2012

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“…The 2C-value of 2.5 pg determined by Tiersch et al (53) for chicken was in a perfect agreement with the value determined by Rasch et al (54) and other authors cited by them and independently confirmed the 2C-value of 7.0 pg for man. This 2C-value is commonly assumed today as a consensual 2C-value of the human (17,(55)(56)(57) and was used to calibrate a set of recommended plant DNA reference standards (58, Table 2). …”

Section: Human As a Primary Reference Standardmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nuclear genome size: Are we getting closer?

2010

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Correct information on genome size is important in many areas of research. For a long time, scientists have been struggling to understand the reason for the huge variation in eukaryotic genome size and its biological significance. More recently, the knowledge on genome size has become important to structure genome sequencing projects as their scale and cost depend on genome size. Despite the fact that the first estimates of genome size in eukaryotes were made more than 50 years ago, we are still not quite sure about the exact genome size in practically all animal and plant species. Moreover, different estimates continue to be published for the same species. These discrepancies compromise data comparison and interpretation and point to methodological problems, which include standardization. This article assesses the current state of DNA reference standards for flow cytometry and the issues related to their calibration. ' 2010 International Society for Advancement of CytometryKey terms cytometric techniques; reference standards; genome sequencing; conversion factor; nuclear DNA content; C-value MOST of the genetic information in eukaryotes is localized in the cell nucleus and numerous attempts have been made to determine the quantity of nuclear DNA, especially after various lines of evidence associated DNA with genes (1). It soon became clear that the amount of DNA per nucleus is relatively constant in somatic cells of a given species and that sperm cells have approximately half the DNA amount found for somatic cells (2,3). These experiments provided independent data to support the hereditary role of DNA and marked the beginning of numerous fruitful lines of research and applications, many of them still important today, all relying on the ability to determine DNA amounts in cell nuclei.The early determinations were made colorimetrically on DNA extracted from a known number of cells although the presence of cells in different cell cycle phases could compromise the accuracy of these estimates. The colorimetric approach made identification of subpopulations of cells with different DNA amounts impossible. However, cytometric methods suitable for measurement of absorbance of light in individual nuclei (either using UV light with non-stained nuclei and/or monochromatic visible light with nuclei stained by the Feulgen reaction) were already available during the 1940s and were used to discover the presence of cells with different classes of DNA amounts. Such cells were observed in a variety of animal tissues and were associated with polyploidy and polyteny (4,5). The presence of nuclei with 2, 4, 8, 16, or 32 times the haploid value was described in plant tissues by Swift (6) who introduced the ''C'' terminology to classify nuclear DNA amounts. In this terminology, DNA classes are labeled as C, 2C, 4C, 8C, etc. to characterize DNA amounts of nuclei by multiples of the DNA amount in a complete chromosome set in a non-replicated haploid nucleus, which has the class C DNA amount.At the beginning of the 1950s, biochem...

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“…Of all the parrot species, Amazona ochrocephala tresmariae has the highest genome size (4.30 pg/nucleus). High GS values were previously recorded in Charadriformes (common black‐headed gull Larus ridibundus : 3.64 pg/nucleus, Bachmann et al 1972), Piciformes (toco toucan Ramphastos toco : 3.60 pg/nucleus, Venturini et al 1986; red‐throated barbet Megalaima mystacophanos : 4.04 pg/nucleus, Krishan et al 2005), Anseriformes (American merganser Mergus merganser : 4.00 pg/nucleus, Krishan et al 2005), and Strigiformes (eagle owl Bubo bubo : 4.06 pg/nucleus, Krishan et al 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Genome size variation in parrots: longevity and flying ability

Racheli¹,

Cavallo²,

Dell’Omo³

2008

Journal of Avian Biology

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Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain genome size variation in birds. However, no general consensus has been reached thus far. In this study, we analysed the inter-and intraspecific variation of genome size in some parrot species, and we tested the hypotheses that (1) weaker fliers have larger genomes, and (2) long-living species have lower DNA content. In general, parrots have a mean genome size (2.93 pg/nucleus) comparable to that of other avian orders. Amazona ochrocephala tresmariae has the highest genome size (4.30 pg/nucleus) among parrots. As expected, weaker flyers have larger genomes than better ones. In contrast to our prediction, we found a positive correlation between genome size and longevity. Finally, the species-group Amazona has a higher DNA content than the two groups Ara and Cacatua. Since oxidative stress is causally related to longevity, we suggest that DNA oxidative damage could have acted to some extent as a constraint on GS variation in parrots and perhaps also in other avian orders.

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DNA index, genome size, and electronic nuclear volume of vertebrates from the Miami Metro Zoo

Cited by 29 publications

References 43 publications

Sequencing three crocodilian genomes to illuminate the evolution of archosaurs and amniotes

Sequencing three crocodilian genomes to illuminate the evolution of archosaurs and amniotes

Nuclear genome size: Are we getting closer?

Genome size variation in parrots: longevity and flying ability

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