“…Transformation can be achieved through various methods, including electroporation, PEG-induced transformation, and Agrobacterium -mediated delivery. These include model plants such as Arabidopsis thaliana [ 74 , 79 , 80 , 81 ], and a range of food crops such as tomatoes [ 82 , 83 ], cabbage [ 84 , 85 ], broccoli [ 86 ], carrots [ 87 , 88 ], maize [ 89 , 90 , 91 ], soybeans [ 92 , 93 , 94 ], and rice [ 95 ], as well as cash crops such as sugarcane [ 96 ], bananas [ 97 ], strawberries [ 98 , 99 ], and apples [ 100 ]. Although genetic transformation technologies, somatic cell fusion, and protoplast transient expression have advanced in research related to Brassica napus , there is a relative lack of comprehensive reviews focusing on the specifics of genetic transformation and gene editing in this important crop.…”