DNA Double-Strand Break Repairs and Their Application in Plant DNA Integration

Shen, Hexi; Zhao, Li

doi:10.3390/genes13020322

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 141 publications

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“…ZFNs are fusions of the DNA recognition domain of zinc finger protein and the cleavage domain of the FokI endonuclease [ 35 ]. ZFNs act through DNA/protein recognition, and each zinc finger recognizes three base pairs (bp).…”

Section: Genome Editing Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome Editing for Sustainable Crop Improvement and Mitigation of Biotic and Abiotic Stresses

Hamdan

Karlson

Teoh

et al. 2022

Plants

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Climate change poses a serious threat to global agricultural activity and food production. Plant genome editing technologies have been widely used to develop crop varieties with superior qualities or can tolerate adverse environmental conditions. Unlike conventional breeding techniques (e.g., selective breeding and mutation breeding), modern genome editing tools offer more targeted and specific alterations of the plant genome and could significantly speed up the progress of developing crops with desired traits, such as higher yield and/or stronger resilience to the changing environment. In this review, we discuss the current development and future applications of genome editing technologies in mitigating the impacts of biotic and abiotic stresses on agriculture. We focus specifically on the CRISPR/Cas system, which has been the center of attention in the last few years as a revolutionary genome-editing tool in various species. We also conducted a bibliographic analysis on CRISPR-related papers published from 2012 to 2021 (10 years) to identify trends and potential in the CRISPR/Cas-related plant research. In addition, this review article outlines the current shortcomings and challenges of employing genome editing technologies in agriculture with notes on future prospective. We believe combining conventional and more innovative technologies in agriculture would be the key to optimizing crop improvement beyond the limitations of traditional agricultural practices.

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Section: Genome Editing Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome Editing for Sustainable Crop Improvement and Mitigation of Biotic and Abiotic Stresses

Hamdan

Karlson

Teoh

et al. 2022

Plants

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“…In eukaryotes, DNA damage is sensed and leads to the activation of complex damage response pathways, collectively termed DDR (DNA damage response) which, depending on the severity and type of the damage, can activate processes such as cell cycle arrest, repair networks, or PCD (reviewed in [1,36,38,39,52]). The key sensors of DNA damage that elicit DDR in eukaryotes including plants are the ATAXIA-TELANGIECTASIA MUTATED (ATM) and ATM-and RAD3-related (ATR) protein kinases [53].…”

Section: Causes Consequences and Repair Of Dna Lesionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comet Assay: Multifaceted Options for Studies of Plant Stress Response

Tyutereva,

Strizhenok,

Kiseleva

et al. 2024

Horticulturae

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Contrarily to chronic stresses, acute (i.e., fast and dramatic) changes in environmental factors like temperature, radiation, concentration of toxic substances, or pathogen attack often lead to DNA damage. Some of the stress factors are genotoxic, i.e., they damage the DNA via physical interactions or via interference with DNA replication/repair machinery. However, cytotoxic factors, i.e., those that do not directly damage the DNA, can lead to secondary genotoxic effects either via the induction of the production of reactive oxygen, carbon, or nitrogen species, or via the activation of programmed cell death and related endonucleases. The extent of this damage, as well as the ability of the cell to repair it, represent a significant part of plant stress responses. Information about DNA damage is important for physiological studies as it helps to understand the complex adaptive responses of plants and even to predict the outcome of the plant’s exposure to acute stress. Single cell gel electrophoresis (Comet assay) provides a convenient and relatively inexpensive tool to evaluate DNA strand breaks in the different organs of higher plants, as well as in unicellular algae. Comet assays are widely used in ecotoxicology and biomonitoring applications; however, they are still relatively rarely used in physiological studies. In this review, we provide an overview of the basic principles and of useful variations of the protocols of Comet assays, as well as of their use in plant studies, in order to encourage plant physiologists to include this tool in the analysis of plant stress responses.

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“…It can cause mutagenic activity, a complex mix of undesirable products or may cause translocation of DNA. These breaks can trigger P53 activity which can induce cell death ( Shen and Li, 2022 ). On the other hand, base editing is limited to four possible transition mutations (C to T, A to G, T to C, and G to A) and is still prone to off-target effects.…”

Section: Phase Iii: Genome Editing Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green revolution to genome revolution: driving better resilient crops against environmental instability

Chawla,

Poonia,

Samantara

et al. 2023

Front. Genet.

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Crop improvement programmes began with traditional breeding practices since the inception of agriculture. Farmers and plant breeders continue to use these strategies for crop improvement due to their broad application in modifying crop genetic compositions. Nonetheless, conventional breeding has significant downsides in regard to effort and time. Crop productivity seems to be hitting a plateau as a consequence of environmental issues and the scarcity of agricultural land. Therefore, continuous pursuit of advancement in crop improvement is essential. Recent technical innovations have resulted in a revolutionary shift in the pattern of breeding methods, leaning further towards molecular approaches. Among the promising approaches, marker-assisted selection, QTL mapping, omics-assisted breeding, genome-wide association studies and genome editing have lately gained prominence. Several governments have progressively relaxed their restrictions relating to genome editing. The present review highlights the evolutionary and revolutionary approaches that have been utilized for crop improvement in a bid to produce climate-resilient crops observing the consequence of climate change. Additionally, it will contribute to the comprehension of plant breeding succession so far. Investing in advanced sequencing technologies and bioinformatics will deepen our understanding of genetic variations and their functional implications, contributing to breakthroughs in crop improvement and biodiversity conservation.

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DNA Double-Strand Break Repairs and Their Application in Plant DNA Integration

Cited by 13 publications

References 141 publications

Genome Editing for Sustainable Crop Improvement and Mitigation of Biotic and Abiotic Stresses

Genome Editing for Sustainable Crop Improvement and Mitigation of Biotic and Abiotic Stresses

Comet Assay: Multifaceted Options for Studies of Plant Stress Response

Green revolution to genome revolution: driving better resilient crops against environmental instability

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