DNA-directed DNA Polymerase Activity in Oncogenic RNA Viruses

Spiegelman, S.; Burny, Arsène; Das, M. R.; Keydar, J.; Schlom, Jeffrey; Trávnícek, M; Watson, Kenneth

doi:10.1038/2271029a0

Cited by 170 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Assays for the RNA-instructed DNA polymerase activity, DNA-instructed DNA polymerase activity, and DNA polymerase activity utilizing synthetic DNA * RNA hybrids as templates were performed as previously described (3,4,8).…”

Section: Dna Polymerase Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As may be seen from Table 1, the source or strain of the virus has no influence on the detectability of the enzyme. Viruses derived from tumors, plasmas of infected animals, tissue cultures employing cells homologous or heterologous to the host of origin, all possess RNA-instructed DNA polymerase activity.Subsequently, two other DNA polymerase activities were demonstrated in RNA oncogenic viruses by Spiegelman et al (4,8). One employs double-stranded DNA as a template in a DNA-instructed DNA polymerization and the other uses DNA RNA complexes in a hybrid-instructed DNA polymerization.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subsequently, two other DNA polymerase activities were demonstrated in RNA oncogenic viruses by Spiegelman et al (4,8). One employs double-stranded DNA as a template in a DNA-instructed DNA polymerization and the other uses DNA RNA complexes in a hybrid-instructed DNA polymerization.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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DNA Polymerase Activities in Virions of Visna Virus, a Causative Agent of a “Slow” Neurological Disease

Schlom

Harter

Burny

et al. 1971

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The presence is reported of an RNA-instructed DNA polymerase in visna virus, the causative agent of a 'slow' neurological disease in sheep. The product synthesized by the RNA-directed reaction has been shown to be a DNA heteropolymer by the following criteria: synthesis requires the presence of all four deoxyriboside triphosphates; the product is resistant to ribonuclease and alkali but is degraded by DNase; and the product has a density of 1.420 in C82SO4 solution, characteristic of DNA.Visna virions, like those of the oncogenic RNA viruses, contain DNA polymerase activities that respond to a variety of double-stranded DNAs and to synthetic DNA. RNA hybrids.The discovery by Temin and Mizutani (1) and Baltimore (2) of an RNA-instructed DNA polymerase in the virions of two RNA oncogenic viruses was rapidly confirmed and extended to other RNA oncogenic B-and C-type particles. Table I summarizes the relevant available information on the oncogenic and nononcogenic viruses. It will be noted that the 11 groups listed include viruses that cause leukemias or sarcomas in chickens, mice, cats, and hamsters, as well as several viruses associated with mammary tumors in mice, rats, and monkeys. As may be seen from Table 1, the source or strain of the virus has no influence on the detectability of the enzyme. Viruses derived from tumors, plasmas of infected animals, tissue cultures employing cells homologous or heterologous to the host of origin, all possess RNA-instructed DNA polymerase activity.Subsequently, two other DNA polymerase activities were demonstrated in RNA oncogenic viruses by Spiegelman et al. (4,8). One employs double-stranded DNA as a template in a DNA-instructed DNA polymerization and the other uses DNA RNA complexes in a hybrid-instructed DNA polymerization. To date, no RNA virus of known oncogenicity has been found to lack these activities.In striking contrast, none of the seven nononcogenic RNA viruses listed in Table 1 was found to contain DNA polymerase activity. Despite these negative outcomes, it was clearly of interest to continue the search among "nononcogenic" RNA viruses, with particular emphasis on those that

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Section: Dna Polymerase Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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DNA Polymerase Activities in Virions of Visna Virus, a Causative Agent of a “Slow” Neurological Disease

Schlom

Harter

Burny

et al. 1971

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Virus. MMTV (RIII) was purified from the milk of RIII mice, MMTV (C3H) was obtained from cultured fluids of the MM5T mouse mammary tumor cell line, and RLV was purified from the plasma of RLV-infected BALB/c mice, as described (15).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Human breast carcinoma antigen is immunologically related to the polypeptide of the group-specific glycoprotein of mouse mammary tumor virus.

Ohno¹,

Mesa-Tejada²,

Keydar³

et al. 1979

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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We have shown [Mesa-Tejada, R., Keydar, I., Ramanarayanan, M., Ohno, T., Fenoglio (14). Because at most five sections are stained from each breast tumor, the percentage of positives detected must be an underestimate.It was of course gratifying to have extended to the protein level the relationship between human breast cancer and MMTV that was initially discovered in terms of nucleic acid sequence homology. The etiologic implications of these findings are of obvious interest but our immediate concern is the possibility that they might be used to generate clinically useful information. To this end, it was of interest to resolve certain issues regarding the nature of crossreactivity observed between the gp52 and the unique antigen found in the human breast cancers. In particular, it was of some importance to know whether the sugar or the protein moiety of the gp52 glycoprotein was responsible for its ability to block the immunological crossreaction with the antigen found in the breast cancer cells. Aside from its genetic implications, the outcome could materially influence the nature of our attempts to isolate and characterize the human tumorspecific antigen.It is the purpose of the present paper to present data that resolve this issue. The results establish that the antigenic crossreactivity between human breast cancer and gp52 glycoprotein resides in the polypeptide portion and not in the sugar residues of the latter protein. The publication costs of this article were defrayed in part by page charge payment. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U. S. C. §1734 solely to indicate this fact. MATERIALS AND METHODS Enzymes

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“…DNA synthesis by detergent-lysed virus particles is sensitive to ribonuclease, but in some studies was not completely depressed by ribonuclease [1,4,6]. DNAdependent DNA polymerase activity has also been detected in RNA tumor virus particles by stimulation of DNA synthesis with a variety of exogenous DNA templates [7][8][9][10][11]. The recent report that avian myeloblastosis virus (AMV) contains DNA as well as RNA [9] suggested the possibility that both viral DNA and viral RNA may function as endogenous templates for DNA synthesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA and RNA from avian myeloblastosis virus as templates for viral DNA polymerase

Kiessling¹,

Deeney²,

Beaudreau³

1972

FEBS Letters

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DNA-directed DNA Polymerase Activity in Oncogenic RNA Viruses

Cited by 170 publications

References 7 publications

DNA Polymerase Activities in Virions of Visna Virus, a Causative Agent of a “Slow” Neurological Disease

DNA Polymerase Activities in Virions of Visna Virus, a Causative Agent of a “Slow” Neurological Disease

Human breast carcinoma antigen is immunologically related to the polypeptide of the group-specific glycoprotein of mouse mammary tumor virus.

DNA and RNA from avian myeloblastosis virus as templates for viral DNA polymerase

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