DNA detection by surface enhanced resonance Raman scattering (SERRS)

Faulds, Karen; Smith, W. Ewen; Graham, Duncan

doi:10.1039/b500248f

Cited by 58 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(55 reference statements)

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“…A novel spectroscopic approach that could potentially help in diagnosis of fungal pathogens is the use of surface enhanced resonance Raman spectroscopy (SERRS) (284). This method employs specific sensors that can detect scattered light produced by DNA coupled with a specialized dye and placed against roughened surfaces consisting of metals such as gold or silver.…”

Section: Novel Molecular Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular and Nonmolecular Diagnostic Methods for Invasive Fungal Infections

et al. 2014

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SUMMARY Invasive fungal infections constitute a serious threat to an ever-growing population of immunocompromised individuals and other individuals at risk. Traditional diagnostic methods, such as histopathology and culture, which are still considered the gold standards, have low sensitivity, which underscores the need for the development of new means of detecting fungal infectious agents. Indeed, novel serologic and molecular techniques have been developed and are currently under clinical evaluation. Tests like the galactomannan antigen test for aspergillosis and the β-glucan test for invasive Candida spp. and molds, as well as other antigen and antibody tests, for Cryptococcus spp., Pneumocystis spp., and dimorphic fungi, have already been established as important diagnostic approaches and are implemented in routine clinical practice. On the other hand, PCR and other molecular approaches, such as matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), have proved promising in clinical trials but still need to undergo standardization before their clinical use can become widespread. The purpose of this review is to highlight the different diagnostic approaches that are currently utilized or under development for invasive fungal infections and to identify their performance characteristics and the challenges associated with their use.

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Section: Novel Molecular Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular and Nonmolecular Diagnostic Methods for Invasive Fungal Infections

et al. 2014

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“…These nanoparticles exhibit maximum surface plasmon absorbance at 435 nm , and have a size of 70 nm determined through consistent with that observed through DLS as seen in Figure 18. A small proportion of rods was seen, which is consistent with the literature (Faulds 2005). The negative charge of the AgNPs could be due to the presence of citrate molecules on the nanoparticle surface, again consistent with literature reports (Wang 2014).…”

Section: 329supporting

confidence: 81%

Multifunctional Nanoparticles for Theranostic Applications

Srinivasan¹

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iii DEDICATION I want to dedicate this dissertation to my husband Karthikeyan who lent never ending love and support throughout my journey in graduate school. He had immense belief in me that I would be able to make my way through graduate school. There was not a single day in four years of our married life that he complained about my absence. He always had more confidence in me than I did in myself. I regretted those times when I could not attend his call or wasn't able to hear to his problems during his difficult times. However, he was patient and was there for me, no matter what the circumstances were. He was always there when I was close to giving up, trying to make me understand the importance of what I was doing. I also want to dedicate my dissertation to my mother, father, motherin-law and father-in-law. I would like to thank them for all the support they extended during my journey. Multifunctional agents for the management of highly heterogeneous diseases, like cancer, are gaining increased interest with the intent of improving the diagnostics and therapy of cancer patients. These agents are also important because more than one treatment modality is typically used for cancer therapy in the clinic. Further, nanotechnology offers a platform where more than one agent can be combined to help provide improved cancer diagnosis and therapy. Near-infrared light-activatable phototherapeutic agents have great potential in vivo. Body tissues have minimum absorption in the near-infrared range.They also have been shown to enhance the cytotoxic effect of chemotherapeutic drugs when used in combination with them. We have, hence, investigated the potential of two multifunctional targeted nanoparticles for combined chemo-phototherapy (employing near-infrared light activable agent) and for understanding their underlying cellular responses. The first is employing polymeric Poly-lactic acid-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles with simultaneous incorporation of Indocyanine Green (ICG) (a nearinfrared light-activatable photothermal agent) and Doxorubicin (DOX) and surface conjugated with anti-Human Epithelial Receptor-2 (HER-2). The PLGA nanoparticles were subjected to two modes of hyperthermia, incubator and laser hyperthermia, to vii mimic whole-body and localized hyperthermia used clinically. These nanoparticles upon laser exposure showed a rapid heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) response in comparison to the cellular HSP70 response upon incubator hyperthermia exposure. However, 12h posttreatment, downregulation of HSP70, was observed, thus, causing cellular apoptosis or necrosis based on the degree of thermal insult. These targeted nanoparticles, simultaneously incorporating agents, suffer from the limitation of release of both the agents from the nanoparticles and the need to control their release for bringing in effective therapy. Therefore, the second multifunctional nanoparticle employing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) conjugated with Doxorubicin was formulated. AgNP serve as a near-infrared activatable agent itself, o...

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“…paratuberculosis at low levels. Several laboratories, including our own, have demonstrated the merits of SERS readout in immunoassays (1,19,20,31,43,45,47,51,67,69) and DNA detection (9,25,29). In SERS, roughened metal surfaces amplify the Raman scattering of an adsorbed organic molecule.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis by a Sonicate Immunoassay Based on Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering

Yakes

Lipert

Bannantine

et al. 2008

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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A sandwich immunoassay for the rapid, low-level detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis has been developed. M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis is the causative agent of Johne's disease in cattle, and one of the major obstacles in controlling the spread of this disease is the inability to rapidly detect small amounts of bacteria or other diagnostic markers shed during the subclinical stage of infection. This paper details the development and performance of an assay for sonicated M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis lysate that is based on surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). There are two key components of the assay: (i) an immobilized layer of monoclonal antibodies that target a surface protein on the microorganism; and (ii) extrinsic Raman labels (ERLs) that are designed to selectively bind to captured proteins and produce large SERS signals. By correlating the number of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis bacilli present prior to sonication to the amount of total protein in the resulting sonicate, the detection limit determined for total protein can be translated to the microorganism concentration. These findings yield detection limits of 100 and 200 ng/ml (estimated to be 500 and 1,000 M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis bacilli/ml) for sonicate spiked in phosphate buffer and sonicate spiked in whole milk, respectively. Moreover, the time required to complete the assay, which includes sample preparation, antigen extraction, ERL incubation, and readout, is less than 24 h. The potential for incorporation of this novel assay into diagnostic laboratories is also briefly discussed.

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DNA detection by surface enhanced resonance Raman scattering (SERRS)

Cited by 58 publications

References 51 publications

Molecular and Nonmolecular Diagnostic Methods for Invasive Fungal Infections

Molecular and Nonmolecular Diagnostic Methods for Invasive Fungal Infections

Multifunctional Nanoparticles for Theranostic Applications

Detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis by a Sonicate Immunoassay Based on Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering

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