DNA damage in Molt-4 T-lymphoblastoid cells exposed to cellular telephone radiofrequency fields in vitro

Phillips, J. E.; Ivaschuk, Oleg I.; Ishida-Jones, Tamako; Jones, Robert A.; Campbell-Beachler, Mary; Haggren, Wendy

doi:10.1016/s0302-4598(98)00074-9

Cited by 119 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…If the argument presented in the article by the authors were accepted, i.e., that the RF exposure might be stimulating DNA repair in the cells, the article to a large extent is actually a direct contradiction of the work of Lai and Singh [1995. It is very possible that the contradictory results within the article itself are simply the result of experimental noise; there is no consistent pattern even within the data tables presented by Phillips et al [1998]. Maes et al [1997] exposed whole blood samples to a 935.2 MHz, GSM signal for 2 h, with the SARS reported to be 0.3-0.4 W/kg.…”

Section: In Vitro Studies Showing the Absence Of Rf Induced Dna Stranmentioning

confidence: 97%

Radiofrequency exposure and mammalian cell toxicity, genotoxicity, and transformation

Meltz

2003

Bioelectromagnetics

106

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The published in vitro literature relevant to the issue of the possible induction of toxicity, genotoxicity, and transformation of mammalian cells due to radiofrequency field (RF) exposure is examined. In some instances, information about related in vivo studies is presented. The review is from the perspective of technical merit and also biological consistency, especially with regard to those publications reporting a positive effect. The weight of evidence available indicates that, for a variety of frequencies and modulations with both short and long exposure times, at exposure levels that do not (or in some instances do) heat the biological sample such that there is a measurable increase in temperature, RF exposure does not induce (a) DNA strand breaks, (b) chromosome aberrations, (c) sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs), (d) DNA repair synthesis, (e) phenotypic mutation, or (f) transformation (cancer-like changes). While there is limited experimental evidence that RF exposure induces micronuclei formation, there is abundant evidence that it does not. There is some evidence that RF exposure does not induce DNA excision repair, suggesting the absence of base damage. There is also evidence that RF exposure does not inhibit excision repair after the induction of thymine dimers by UVexposure, as well as evidence that indicates that RF is not a co-carcinogen or a tumor promoter. The article is in part a tutorial, so that the reader can consider similarities and discrepancies between reports of RF-induced effects relative to one another. Bioelectromagnetics Supplement 6:S196-S213,

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Section: In Vitro Studies Showing the Absence Of Rf Induced Dna Stranmentioning

confidence: 97%

Radiofrequency exposure and mammalian cell toxicity, genotoxicity, and transformation

Meltz

2003

Bioelectromagnetics

106

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“…A direct genotoxic action is unlikely because of the low energy of microwave photons which are unable to cause strand breaks in DNA. However, despite this general conviction that microwaves are not sufficiently energetic to be able to directly damage DNA, there is considerable evidence indicating that microwaves can be directly and indirectly clastogenic, with a significant increase in chromosome damage (Sagripanti and Swicord, 1986;Garaj-Vrhovac et al, 1991, 1992Maes et al 1993;Haidler et al, 1994;Sarkar et al, 1994;Singh 1995, 1996;Timchenko and Ianchevskaia, 1995;Balode, 1996;Verschaeve et al, 1994;Vijayalaxmi et al, 1997;Phillips et al, 1998;Tice et al, 1999). In addition, cell phone radiation can alter protooncogene activity (Ivaschuk et al, 1997;Goswami et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytogenetic analysis of the effects of 2.5 and 10.5 GHz microwaves on human lymphocytes

2004

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The biological effects of microwaves on living organisms remain highly controversial. Although some reports have suggested that microwaves may be directly or indirectly genotoxic, a direct action is unlikely because the low energy of microwave photons makes them unable to cause single-strand breaks in DNA. In this work, we examined the possible clastogenic properties of microwaves (2.5 and 10.5 GHz) on blood lymphocytes in vitro by monitoring the frequency of chromosomal aberrations. We also investigated whether blood cells showed increased radiosensitivity or radioresistance when pretreated with the microwaves and then irradiated with gamma radiation. There was no significant difference in the frequency of chromosomal aberrations between cells which had or had not been treated with microwaves. Control cells had a mean frequency of 0.013 aberrations per cell compared to 0.010 and 0.011 aberrations per cell in the microwave-exposed samples. Nor was there any alteration in the radiosensitivity of cells pretreated with microwaves. Gamma irradiated cells showed a mean frequency of 0.279 aberrations per cell compared to 0.343 and 0.310 aberrations per cell in samples pretreated with microwaves. However, cell mortality increased markedly after exposure to microwaves. The results suggest that microwaves do not interact directly or indirectly with chromosomes, although they may target other cell structures, such as cell membranes.

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“…Cell phones operate using frequencies that differ by manufacturer and country, and concerns are growing about the possible hazardous effect of radiofrequency (RF) and electromagnetic waves (EMW) emitted by these communication tools on human health [1]. Negative impact of usage of the mobile phone on human health was reported by many researchers [2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Male infertility is upcoming problem of the modern world rising in alarming rate globally [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resolving the Enigma of Effect of Mobile Phone Usage on Spermatogenesis in Humans in South Indian Population

Malini¹

2017

Asian J Pharm Clin Res

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Objective: This study was aimed at to evaluate the possible risk of radiofrequency and electromagnetic waves of mobile phones on spermatogenic impairment and functional capacity of the spermatozoa along with oxidative stress, DNA damages, and hormone profile among mobile phone users. Methods:Mobile phone users were classified into three groups are 1-5, 6-10, and above 10 hrs/day, respectively, based on the exposure to electromagnetic radiation. Blood and semen samples are collected with informed consent letter. The semen samples used to carry out to the physical examination such as volume, liquefaction time, color, odor, pH, and viscosity, and functional status of the spermatozoa was carried out such as nuclear chromatin decondensation test, hypo-osmotic swelling test, and acrosomal intactness test. Seminal plasma was used for to evaluate the oxidative stress markers superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Blood serum was used to estimate the level of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and testosterone. DNA collected from blood used for DNA ladder assay. Results:In the present investigation, both physical and microscopic examinations were negatively correlated with mobile phone usage. No variation exists in functional status of spermatozoa. Oxidative stress markers such as the presence of ROS, enzymatic scavengers such as SOD and TAC showed no statistical variations between control group and mobile phone users and even no variations in hormone profile such as testosterone, FSH, and LH of users of mobile phone compared to normal reference values. Conclusion:In conclusion, though the literature has suggested that mobile phone use alters semen parameters, functional status of spermatozoa, increased oxidative stress, with subsequent sperm DNA damage in humans. The present study deviates from previous study stating nil impact of mobile phones on spermatogenetic impairment in humans.

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DNA damage in Molt-4 T-lymphoblastoid cells exposed to cellular telephone radiofrequency fields in vitro

Cited by 119 publications

References 49 publications

Radiofrequency exposure and mammalian cell toxicity, genotoxicity, and transformation

Radiofrequency exposure and mammalian cell toxicity, genotoxicity, and transformation

Cytogenetic analysis of the effects of 2.5 and 10.5 GHz microwaves on human lymphocytes

Resolving the Enigma of Effect of Mobile Phone Usage on Spermatogenesis in Humans in South Indian Population

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