DNA Damage and Expression Profile of Genes Associated with Nephrotoxicity Induced by Butralin and Ameliorating Effect of Arabic Gum in Female Rats

Abstract

Nephrotoxicity induced by exposure to environmental pollution including herbicides is became global problem. Natural products are the prime alternative of scienti c research as they express better medicinal activity and minor side effects compared with variety of synthetic drugs. This study was performed to evaluate the nephroprotective pro ciency of Arabic gum against butralin-induced nephrotoxicity. Adult female rats were supplemented with Arabic gum (4.3 g/kg b.wt) and/or butralin (312 mg/L) in drinking water for 30 days. The results found that markers of serum kidney function, oxidative stress biomarkers, DNA damage and expression of kidney speci c genes (Acsm2, ACE and ACE2) as well as histopathological examination in treated rats were conducted. Butralin-treated rats showed a rise in serum creatinine, BUN and MDA as well as decrease in activity of the antioxidant markers. In addition, butralin treatment increased the DNA damage, altered the expression levels of Acsm2, ACE and ACE2 and elevated histopathological lesions in kidney tissues. Pretreatment of Arabic gum prevented butralin-prompted degenerative changes of kidney tissues. The results suggested that the protective effect provided by Arabic gum on renal tissues exposed to the herbicide butralin could be attributed to enhancement of antioxidants and increase the free radicals scavenging activity in vivo.

Dinitroaniline herbicides: a comprehensive review of toxicity and side effects on animal non-target organisms

“…However, no further information is available on the detoxification pathway or their mode of action on animal cells. In vivo exposure to butralin for 30 days induced oxidative stress and decreased antioxidant enzyme activities, and it increased DNA damage and histological changes in rat kidney tissue (acceptable daily intake 0.5 mg kg −1 ) (Refaie et al 2021 ). In the freshwater snail B. alexandrina , sublethal doses of a commercial butralin-based formulation (Amex 48% EC; LC25 = 3.906 mg L −1 for 48 h) cause DNA strand breaks and loss of viability and phagocytic activity of circulating haemocytes (Ibrahim et al 2019 ).…”

Effect of eugenol and gum arabic on oxidative stress and genotoxicity in rat spleen, kidney and lung tissue following colorectal carcinogenesis

“…Much research has been conducted to explore the genotoxic mechanisms involved in colorectal carcinogenesis [11] , in some cases in order to identify natural compounds, such as gum arabic (GA) and eugenol (EUG), capable of preventing or treating carcinogenesis and its systemic repercussions. Natural compounds often have fewer side effects and lower toxicity than allopathic treatments, without detriment to their biological properties, making them an important field of study [12][13] .…”