DNA Content and Variation in Chromosome Number in Plant Cells Affected by<i>Meloidogyne incognita</i>and<i>M. arenaria</i>

Wiggers, Robert J.; Starr, J. L.; Price, H. James

doi:10.1094/phyto-80-1391

Cited by 63 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…in the study, irrespective of their host range, induced giant cells of similar size and form, suggesting that consistent nematode genes and plant genes are involved in giant cell formation (7). Mature giant cells are metabolically highly active sinks of nutrients for the nematode, as suggested by the presence of aneuploid nuclei containing 14 to 16 times more DNA than root tip nuclei of uninfected plants (38). However, our findings reveal that giant cell development may proceed differently in a host plant when infected by different root-knot nematode species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…As suggested by Wiggers et al (38), the number of nuclei in Meloidogyne-induced giant cells should be the result of a regular mathematical progression of nuclear division, with possible variations due to abnormal divisions of genetic material. In our study, we carefully controlled inoculation and incubation conditions so that all induced giant cells, and therefore the giant cell nuclei, would be of similar age.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Differences in Feeding Sites Induced by Root-Knot Nematodes, Meloidogyne spp., in Chickpea

Vovlas¹,

Rapoport²,

Díaz³

et al. 2005

Phytopathology®

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Vovlas, N., Rapoport, H. F., Jiménez Díaz, R. M., and Castillo, P. 2005. Differences in feeding sites induced by root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne spp., in chickpea. Phytopathology 95:368-375.Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) are sedentary, obligate endoparasites in plants, where they induce specialized feeding sites. The feeding sites act as strong metabolic sinks to which photosynthates are mobilized. The histopathological modifications in the nematode-induced feeding sites of artificially inoculated chickpea cv. UC 27 were qualitatively and quantitatively compared using five isolates of M. artiellia and one isolate each of M. arenaria, M. incognita, and M. javanica. All Meloidogyne isolates infected chickpea plants, but root gall thickening was significantly less for M. artiellia isolates than for the other Meloidogyne species. Nevertheless, neither the number of giant cells in the feeding site (averaging four to six) nor the area of individual giant cells was influenced by nematode species or isolate. However, the number of nuclei per giant cell was significantly smaller, and the maximum diameters of nuclei and nucleoli were significantly greater, in giant cells induced by M. artiellia isolates than in those induced by M. arenaria, M. incognita, or M. javanica. In a second experiment, M. artielliainduced giant cells in faba bean and rapeseed also contained a small number of large nuclei.Additional keywords: Brassica napus var. oleifera, Cicer arietinum, food legumes, histopathology, Vicia faba.Sedentary endoparasitic root-knot nematodes of the genus Meloidogyne are among nature's most successful parasites. These nematodes infect thousands of different herbaceous and woody monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants and cause serious losses to numerous agricultural crops worldwide (13,28). Parasitism by root-knot nematodes is characterized by the establishment of permanent feeding sites comprised of giant cells in the cortex, endodermis, pericycle, and vascular parenchyma of the host root tissues. These feeding sites are sinks for the plant photosynthates, and they thus impair plant growth and development. In addition, deformation and blockage of vascular tissues at the feeding sites limit translocation of water and nutrients, further suppressing plant growth and crop yield (20). Management of root-knot nematodes has primarily depended on nematicides and resistant cultivars. Use of nematicides is questioned because of their short-term efficacy as well as their potentially negative impact on the environment and human health. Therefore, there is a need for new root-knot nematode management strategies, which are likely to require better understanding of interactions between the plant and the nematode.Infection by root-knot nematodes begins with penetration of the root tissues by the second-stage juvenile (J2) at the zone of root elongation. The nematode then migrates in the apoplast, ultimately reaching the vascular cylinder where giant cells are induced.Thereafter, the J2 undergo three molts to devel...

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Differences in Feeding Sites Induced by Root-Knot Nematodes, Meloidogyne spp., in Chickpea

Vovlas¹,

Rapoport²,

Díaz³

et al. 2005

Phytopathology®

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In contrast with this, the cells selected by root-knot nematodes are stimulated to go through synchronous repeated nuclear divisions without cytokinesis, while the nuclei additionally undergo extensive endoreduplication (Bleve-Zacheo and Melillo, 1997). The resulting hypertrophied mature giant cells may contain >100 polyploid nuclei (Wiggers et al, 1990). To accommodate the growing giant cells, surrounding pericycle and cortical cells also enlarge and divide.…”

Section: Nematode Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Manipulation of Auxin Transport in Plant Roots during Rhizobium Symbiosis and Nematode Parasitism

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The plant rhizosphere harbors many different microorganisms, ranging from plant growth-promoting bacteria to devastating plant parasites. Some of these microbes are able to induce de novo organ formation in infected roots. Certain soil bacteria, collectively called rhizobia, form a symbiotic interaction with legumes, leading to the formation of nitrogen-fixing root nodules. Sedentary endoparasitic nematodes, on the other hand, induce highly specialized feeding sites in infected plant roots from which they withdraw nutrients. In order to establish these new root structures, it is thought that these organisms use and manipulate the endogenous molecular and physiological pathways of their hosts. Over the years, evidence has accumulated reliably demonstrating the involvement of the plant hormone auxin. Moreover, the auxin responses during microbe-induced de novo organ formation seem to be dynamic, suggesting that plant-associated microbes can actively modify their host's auxin transport. In this review, we focus on recent findings in auxin transport mechanisms during plant development and on how plant symbionts and parasites have evolved to manipulate these mechanisms for their own purposes.

show abstract

“…Root knot nematode infection causes increases in both nuclear DNA content (Wiggers et al, 1990) and nuclear volume (de Almeida Engler et al, 1999). We showed previously (Bass et al, 2000) that the nuclear volume of TGMV-infected cells increased as much as 24-fold, which, together with the BrdU incorporation data presented here, is consistent with endoreduplication of host DNA.…”

Section: Tgmv Infection May Cause Endoreduplicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host DNA Replication Is Induced by Geminivirus Infection of Differentiated Plant Cells

2002

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The geminivirus Tomato golden mosaic virus (TGMV) replicates in differentiated plant cells using host DNA synthesis machinery. We used 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation to examine DNA synthesis directly in infected Nicotiana benthamiana plants to determine if viral reprogramming of host replication controls had an impact on host DNA replication. Immunoblot analysis revealed that up to 17-fold more BrdU was incorporated into chromosomal DNA of TGMV-infected versus mock-infected, similarly treated healthy leaves. Colocalization studies of viral DNA and BrdU demonstrated that BrdU incorporation was specific to infected cells and was associated with both host and viral DNA. TGMV and host DNA synthesis were inhibited differentially by aphidicolin but were equally sensitive to hydroxyurea. Short BrdU labeling times resulted in some infected cells showing punctate foci associated with host DNA. Longer periods showed BrdU label uniformly throughout host DNA, some of which showed condensed chromatin, only in infected nuclei. By contrast, BrdU associated with viral DNA was centralized and showed uniform, compartmentalized labeling. Our results demonstrate that chromosomal DNA is replicated in TGMV-infected cells.

show abstract

DNA Content and Variation in Chromosome Number in Plant Cells Affected byMeloidogyne incognitaandM. arenaria

Cited by 63 publications

References 0 publications

Differences in Feeding Sites Induced by Root-Knot Nematodes, Meloidogyne spp., in Chickpea

Differences in Feeding Sites Induced by Root-Knot Nematodes, Meloidogyne spp., in Chickpea

Manipulation of Auxin Transport in Plant Roots during Rhizobium Symbiosis and Nematode Parasitism

Host DNA Replication Is Induced by Geminivirus Infection of Differentiated Plant Cells

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About