DNA barcoding of tropical black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) in Thailand: One decade of progress

Pramual, Pairot; Jomkumsing, Panya; Wongpakam, Komgrit; Wongwian, Pawinee

doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2021.106116

Cited by 15 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The clustering of closely related nominal species in these species groups corresponds with a low level of minimum interspecific genetic distance between them, impeding the efficacy of the COI gene for identification. Previous studies revealed no or very low levels of minimum interspecific genetic divergence in some putative species of black flies, particularly closely related species [ 24 , 28 , 29 , 31 , 71 ] and members of species complexes [ 21 , 72 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, molecular approaches, particularly DNA barcoding, could complement both approaches by associating unknown life stages [ 22 , 23 ], revealing cryptic species [ 24 – 26 ] and distinguishing molecular lineages of larvae used in cytogenetic study based on DNA barcodes from adults [ 27 ]. Several studies demonstrate the effectiveness of DNA barcoding for distinguishing species previously established by morphology and cytogenetics [ 26 , 28 , 29 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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From bites to barcodes: uncovering the hidden diversity of black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) in Vietnam

Putt,

Ya’cob,

Adler

et al. 2023

Parasites Vectors

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Background Prompt and precise identification of black flies (Simuliidae) is crucial, given their biting behaviour and significant impact on human and animal health. To address the challenges presented by morphology and chromosomes in black fly taxonomy, along with the limited availability of molecular data pertaining to the black fly fauna in Vietnam, this study employed DNA-based approaches. Specifically, we used mitochondrial and nuclear-encoded genes to distinguish nominal species of black flies in Vietnam. Methods In this study, 135 mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) sequences were established for 45 species in the genus Simulium in Vietnam, encompassing three subgenera (Gomphostilbia, Nevermannia, and Simulium), with 64 paratypes of 27 species and 16 topotypes of six species. Of these COI sequences, 71, representing 27 species, are reported for the first time. Results Combined with GenBank sequences of specimens from Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam, a total of 234 DNA barcodes of 53 nominal species resulted in a 71% success rate for species identification. Species from the non-monophyletic Simulium asakoae, S. feuerborni, S. multistriatum, S. striatum, S. tuberosum, and S. variegatum species groups were associated with ambiguous or incorrect identifications. Pairwise distances, phylogenetics, and species delimitation analyses revealed a high level of cryptic diversity, with discovery of 15 cryptic taxa. The current study also revealed the limited utility of a fast-evolving nuclear gene, big zinc finger (BZF), in discriminating closely related, morphologically similar nominal species of the S. asakoae species group. Conclusion This study represents the first comprehensive molecular genetic analysis of the black fly fauna in Vietnam to our knowledge, providing a foundation for future research. DNA barcoding exhibits varying levels of differentiating efficiency across species groups but is valuable in the discovery of cryptic diversity. Graphical abstract

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From bites to barcodes: uncovering the hidden diversity of black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) in Vietnam

Putt,

Ya’cob,

Adler

et al. 2023

Parasites Vectors

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“…nov. and the S. angulistylum cytoform B (0.69%) that overlapped with intraspecific genetic divergence. No or very low interspecific genetic divergence is not uncommon for tropical black fly species, particularly for members of the subgenus Gomphostilbia (Pramual et al, 2011(Pramual et al, , 2021Pramual & Adler, 2014;Takaoka et al, 2020;Srisuka et al, 2021). Recent DNA barcoding analysis found that 12 species of black flies in Thailand have no genetic differentiation based on their COI sequence (Pramual et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…No or very low interspecific genetic divergence is not uncommon for tropical black fly species, particularly for members of the subgenus Gomphostilbia (Pramual et al, 2011(Pramual et al, , 2021Pramual & Adler, 2014;Takaoka et al, 2020;Srisuka et al, 2021). Recent DNA barcoding analysis found that 12 species of black flies in Thailand have no genetic differentiation based on their COI sequence (Pramual et al, 2021). In the S. epistum species-group, no genetic differentiation was found between S. whartoni and S. cheongi based on COI sequences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new species of black fly, formerly cytoform C of the Simulium angulistylum complex (Diptera: Simuliidae), from a high mountain in northeastern Thailand

Pramual¹

2022

Trop Biomed

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Cytoform C, one of three cytoforms in the Simulium angulistylum Takaoka & Davies complex from a high mountain in northeastern Thailand was morphologically and molecularly investigated. All known life stages (larva, pupa, adult male and female except egg) were morphologically similar to, but distinguishable from S. angulistylum s. str. and S. isanense Takaoka, Srisuka & Saeung in the adults by the relative length of the fore and hind basitarsi and relative length of the tooth to the claw. It is also morphologically distinct from other species of the S. epistum species-group. Here, it is formally described as a new species, S. prayooki. Molecular genetic data based on mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) also supported the morphological similarity between the new species and the two related known species (S. angulistylum s. str. and S. isanense) as phylogenetic analysis retrieved them all from a single clade and with a low level of interspecific genetic divergence (1.74%). This might possibly have resulted from incomplete lineage sorting as they are likely to share a recent common ancestor. Despite limitation of molecular genetic differentiation, the new species was distinctly different from two other cytoforms of S. angulistylum complex based on polytene chromosome banding patterns and ecology of the immature stages. Thus, this study highlights the necessity of using an integrated approach for fully understanding black fly biodiversity.

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“…Both S. saeungae and S. phurueaense can be found exclusively at their respective type localities, at elevations exceeding 1,100 m in the northern and northeastern regions, respectively (Takaoka et al 2018, Tangkawanit et al 2018). Similarly, S. furvum has a limited distribution, occurring at elevations ranging from 468 to 1,100 m in the northern region (Srisuka et al 2017, Pramual et al 2021). In contrast, S. wanchaii has a wider distribution in both the northern and northeastern regions, occurring at elevations between 468 and 1,420 m (Takaoka and Choochote 2006, Srisuka et al 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new species of Simulium (Asiosimulium) (Diptera: Simuliidae) from northeastern Thailand, with its phylogenetic relationships with related species in the subgenus Asiosimulium

Aupalee,

Srisuka,

Taai

et al. 2023

Journal of Medical Entomology

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Simulium (Asiosimulium) khongchiamense sp. nov. is described based on females, males, pupae, and mature larvae collected from Khong Chiam District, Ubon Ratchathani Province, northeastern Thailand. It is characterized in the female by the medium-long sensory vesicle, scutum with 3 dark longitudinal vittae and elongate cercus; in the male by the number of upper-eye (large) facets in 17 or 18 vertical rows and 18 or 19 horizontal rows, hind basitarsus moderately enlarged and ventral plate with the posterior margin moderately concave medially; in the pupa by the head and thoracic integument sparsely covered with tubercles and gill of arborescent type with 32 or 33 filaments; and in the larva by the postgenal cleft deep, reaching the posterior margin of the hypostoma and sheath of the subesophageal ganglion dark pigmented. DNA analysis based on COI gene of all known species of the subgenus Asiosimulium, except for S. shanense and S. suchitrae, indicated that this new species can be clearly differentiated from all other related species (S. phurueaense, S. oblongum, S. saeungae, S. furvum, and S. wanchaii) with interspecific genetic distances ranging between 4.79% and 19.18%. This is the eighth species of the subgenus Asiosimulium. Taxonomic notes are given to distinguish this new species from the 7 known species members in its same subgenus. Additionally, keys to species of all members in the subgenus Asiosimulium are provided.

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DNA barcoding of tropical black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) in Thailand: One decade of progress

Cited by 15 publications

References 38 publications

From bites to barcodes: uncovering the hidden diversity of black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) in Vietnam

From bites to barcodes: uncovering the hidden diversity of black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) in Vietnam

A new species of black fly, formerly cytoform C of the Simulium angulistylum complex (Diptera: Simuliidae), from a high mountain in northeastern Thailand

A new species of Simulium (Asiosimulium) (Diptera: Simuliidae) from northeastern Thailand, with its phylogenetic relationships with related species in the subgenus Asiosimulium

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