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Development morphology of Undaria pinnatifida sporophytes (Phaeophyceae, Alariaceae) in Caleta Cordova (Chubut, Argentina)

“…Morphology of Undaria pinnatifida has a genetic base and can also be affected by environmental factors (Saito 1972;Stuart et al 1999;Park 2012). Sporophytes found in Undaria population from Caleta Cordova corresponded to those described as typical and distant forms, which matches the findings of Casas (2005) in Nuevo Gulf.…”

“…This basic morphology presents an appreciable degree of variability (Yendo 1911;Okamura 1915;Castric-Fey et al 1999;Cecere et al 2000;Uwai et al 2006) which has been thought to have genetic or plasticity components in the face of spatial or seasonal environmental variability. According to different authors (Stuart et al 1999;Shibneva and Skriptsova 2012), most recognized forms of U. pinnatifida sporophytes are: a) Distant form, which corresponds to an elongated stipe, as long as the lamina, with large sporophylls limited to the basal area of the stipe and without proliferations; b) Typical form, with short stipe thalli and comparatively shallow sinuses between adjacent pines, far from the midrib. Upper parts of the sporophyllic zone are formed of large sporophylls (folds) confluent with the base of the frond; and c) Narutensis form (Yendo 1911) (= typical form, Okamura 1915), with very short stipes, slightly folded sporophyll zone, and ligulated proliferations of the sporophyll margins.…”

Introduction: The Voluntary Sector in 1980s Britain

“…Ministers were prone to complaining that the voluntary lobby could muddy the waters of the decision-making process by interposing themselves between the executive on the one side and Parliament on the other, and thus making the decisionmaking process more difficult to balance. 25 Yet despite this, during the 1980s the voluntary sector and the state (both local and national) were entering into a partnership. As the witnesses testify this was not always an easy or a welcome move.…”

Differential shuffling of native genetic diversity across introduced regions in a brown alga: Aquaculture vs. maritime traffic effects

“…The unusual Tasmanian haplotypes and habit could be interpreted as a cryptic (sub)species introduction. Given the highly localized distribution of B2 in Asia, the close phylogenetic relationship among the three Undaria species (61) and the great morphological plasticity noted within and among species in this genus (62,63), cluster B2 may in fact represent an alternate Undaria subspecies. Likewise, specific ecological adaptations appear to have promoted other cryptic invasions, such as in the polychaete Marenzelleria sp.…”