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Franks, Steven J.

doi:10.1023/a:1024426608966

Cited by 71 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Our model's biological assumptions differ considerably from the model by Gandhi et al (1998Gandhi et al ( , 1999, but both analyses point to the importance of cluster geometry as a basis for understanding relationships between individual-based interactions and global dynamics. The term "nucleation" has been applied, metaphorically, in studies of community succession (Franks, 2003;Moody and Mack, 1988) and ecological restoration (Robinson and Handel, 2000). These applications refer to an interspecific facilitation, where a plant of one species modifies local sites in a manner promoting the germination and survival of a second species.…”

Section: Local Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial dynamics of invasion: the geometry of introduced species

Korniss

Caraco

2005

Journal of Theoretical Biology

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Many exotic species combine low probability of establishment at each introduction with rapid population growth once introduction does succeed. To analyze this phenomenon, we note that invaders often cluster spatially when rare, and consequently an introduced exotic's population dynamics should depend on locally structured interactions. Ecological theory for spatially structured invasion relies on deterministic approximations, and determinism does not address the observed uncertainty of the exotic-introduction process. We take a new approach to the population dynamics of invasion and, by extension, to the general question of invasibility in any spatial ecology. We apply the physical theory for nucleation of spatial systems to a lattice-based model of competition between plant species, a resident and an invader, and the analysis reaches conclusions that differ qualitatively from the standard ecological theories. Nucleation theory distinguishes between dynamics of single-cluster and multi-cluster invasion. Low introduction rates and small system size produce single-cluster dynamics, where success or failure of introduction is inherently stochastic. Single-cluster invasion occurs only if the cluster reaches a critical size, typically preceded by a number of failed attempts. For this case, we identify the functional form of the probability distribution of time elapsing until invasion succeeds. Although multi-cluster invasion for sufficiently large systems exhibits spatial averaging and almostdeterministic dynamics of the global densities, an analytical approximation from nucleation theory, known as Avrami's law, describes our simulation results far better than standard ecological approximations.

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Section: Local Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial dynamics of invasion: the geometry of introduced species

Korniss

Caraco

2005

Journal of Theoretical Biology

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“…Furthermore, moss may also serve as seed traps, as shown in peat bogs and peatlands where this group of plants is recommended for restoration (Groeneveld et al 2007). Planting nurse plants has been applied and evaluated in different open ecosystems (see Castellanos et al 1994 and Rubio‐Casal et al 2001: saltmarshes; Hulvey et al 2017: dryland in general, “restoration island”; Franks 2003: “coastal dunes”; Holl et al 2021: planting patches, “applied nucleation”) and may lead to the establishment of “islands of fertility” (Gornish et al 2021) where vegetation development is facilitated. However, the use of nucleation‐based techniques in the restoration of grasslands is still little explored (Shaw et al 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tree logs for grassland restoration? Lessons from an unintentional experiment

Porto

Rolim

Menezes

et al. 2022

Restoration Ecology

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For subtropical Brazilian grasslands, few restoration techniques are established, and seeds of native grassland species are not available on the market. Here, we evaluated the effect of physical barriers (PB) on vegetation recovery in a degraded grassland. We considered species that exhibit attributes in their diaspores that facilitate dispersal as well-dispersed species (WDS) and compared the proportion of WDS at our site to their proportion in the regional species pool. To analyze plots near and distant from the PB, we calculated the extrapolated metrics by an asymptotic estimator (double sample size of each distance). We found 74 species in the degraded area, with higher richness and Shannon diversity values closer to logs, but higher Simpson values with larger distance from logs. Almost half of the species in the degraded area are WDS, more than in the regional species pool. While effects of logs on microsite conditions may also play a role (e.g. logs accumulating organic material or increasing soil moisture, providing shade), our data indicates that the PB works as a seed trap favoring the occurrence of WDS. It seems promising to develop applications in restoration, especially when associating PB with other restoration techniques to increase availability of adequate germination and establishment conditions.

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“…These two measures have a significant direct correlation with dune stabilization [18,35,41]. The increase of perennial vegetation cover is followed by changes in soil properties, namely a decrease in sand mobility [33,47] and increase in soil silt and clay content [14,62], soil organic matter [13,23], soil nutrients [36] and soil moisture [13]. Therefore, the perennial plants are considered as ecosystem engineers that are responsible for the changes in the physical and geomorphic dune state from a mobile to a fixed state, thus increasing spatial heterogeneity [19].…”

Section: Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The patchy distribution of vegetation is also maintained on the fixed dunes [35,41]. Studies at the patch scale usually focus on shrub patches, the effects of woody perennial plant species on their immediate surroundings and on vegetation (often annual plants) under shrub canopies [42][43][44][45][46][47][48]. The matrix in the open patches between perennial vegetation patches was once thought to be hardly affected by the woody perennial vegetation, but it is now evident that the effects of perennial plants can exceed the limits of their canopies and that the effects of shrubs on the vegetation differ between shrub and open patches [13,23,33,35,47,49].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Importance of Annual Plants and Multi-Scalar Analysis for Understanding Coastal Dune Stabilization Process in the Mediterranean

Kutiel

Dorman

2021

Applied Sciences

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Since ecological phenomena and patterns vary with scale, scalar analysis is a developing practice in ecology. Scalar analysis is most valuable in heterogeneous environments, since habitat heterogeneity is a key factor in determining biodiversity. One such case can be seen in the changes in annual vegetation in coastal sand dune systems. Most studies in these environments are carried out at the dune scale, comparing dunes at different stabilization states. However, a broader understanding of dune stabilization processes requires analyses at the finer scales of dune slope aspects (directions of exposure to wind) and patches (under and between woody perennial species). Here, we present the results of a study that combines the three scales (dune, slope, and patch) in the Mediterranean coastal dune systems in Israel. Through this multi-scalar analysis, we are able to describe processes at the finer patch and aspect scale and explain how they shape patterns at the dune scale. The results indicate that the dune scale exposes the differences in annual plant characteristics between mobile and fixed dunes, their slopes and patches and the reorganization and spatial distribution of annual plants within mobile and fixed dunes during the stabilization process.

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Untitled

Cited by 71 publications

References 34 publications

Spatial dynamics of invasion: the geometry of introduced species

Spatial dynamics of invasion: the geometry of introduced species

Tree logs for grassland restoration? Lessons from an unintentional experiment

The Importance of Annual Plants and Multi-Scalar Analysis for Understanding Coastal Dune Stabilization Process in the Mediterranean

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