“…The applicability analysis of CDC was performed on nine published and annotated scRNA-seq datasets, i.e., Baron-human (BH), Baron-mouse (BM) 19 , Muraro 20 , Segerstolpe 21 , Xin 22 , Allen Mouse Brain (AMB) 23 , Anterior Lateral Motor (ALM) 23 , Primary Visual Cortex (VISp) 23 and Tabula Muris (TM) 24 (see details in Supplementary Table 1 ). Seven biological baselines, i.e., Seurat v3 25 , monocle3 26 , SC3 27 , dropClust 28 , MetaCell 29 , Shared-Nearest-Neighbor-Walktrap (SNN-Walktrap) 30 , SNN-Louvain 31 , and seven versatile clustering baselines, i.e., AGNES 4 , DIANA 32 , hclust 33 , DBCSAN, K-means, C-means 34 , CLARA 4 , were selected for comparison. The standard preprocessing pipeline of scRNA-seq clustering is presented in Fig.…”