Diving Depths of Four Alcids

Piatt, John F.; Nettleship, David N.

doi:10.2307/4086771

Cited by 162 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Offshore feeding schools of capelin descend rapidly out of the surface layer after dawn (Pitt 1958), but capelin in spawning condition occur either as rapidly swimming schools in the surface layer (Atkinson & Carscadden 1979) or as dense relatively stationary masses near beaches (Sleggs 1933) or within a few metres of subtidal spawning beds (Baake & Bjorke 1973, Saetre & Gjosaeter 1975. Alcids, especially murres, may forage on subtidal spawning aggregat i o n~, but this appears to be more important during the early morning (Piatt & Nettleship 1985), than later in the morning, when transects were surveyed. During the day, rapid lateral movements of capelin schools in the nearshore surface layer may have reduced local tracking by alcids.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scale-dependent correlation of seabirds with schooling fish in a coastal ecosystem

Schneider¹,

Piatt²

1986

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

149

117

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The distribution of piscivorous seabirds relative to schooling f~s h was investigated by repeated censusing of 2 intersecting transects in the Avalon Channel, w h c h carries the Labrador Current southward along the east coast of Newfoundland. Murres (primarily common murres Uria aalge), Atlantic puffins Fratercula arctica, and schooling fish (primarily capelin .Mallofus villosus) were highly aggregated at spatial scales ranging from 0.25 to 15 km. Patchiness of murres, puffins and schoohng flsh was scale-dependent, as indicated by significantly higher vc~ridnce-to-mean ratios at large measurement distances than at the minimum distance, 0.25 km Patch scale of puffins ranged from 2.5 to 15 km, of murres from 3 to 8.75 km, and of schoohng flsh from 1.25 CO 15 km. Patch scale of birds and schooling fish was sirmlar m 6 out of 9 con~parisons. Correlahon between seabirds and schooling birds was significant at the minimum measurement distance in b D L I~ of 12 comparisons. Correlation was scale-dependent, as inlcated by sigruficantly higher coef1i:ients at large measurement &stances than at the minimum distance. Traclung scale, as indicated b) Lhe maxlmum significant correlation between birds and schooling fish, ranged from 2 to 6 km. Our analysis showed that extended aggregations of seabirds are associated with extended aggregatlons of schooling fish and that correlation of these marine carnivores with their prey is scale-dependent.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scale-dependent correlation of seabirds with schooling fish in a coastal ecosystem

Schneider¹,

Piatt²

1986

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

149

117

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“…Atlantic puffins and common guillemots catch their prey within a few tens of kilometres from the coast by pursuitdiving at depths of 10 to 40 m and 20 to 180 m respectively (Bradstreet & Brown 1985, Piatt & Nettleship 1985, Burger & Simpson 1986, Barrett & Furness 1990. Food brought to the chicks is almost entirely small fishes that are held in the bill and easily observed, identified or collected.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atlantic puffin Fratercula arctica and common guillemot Uria aalge chick diet and growth as indicators of fish stocks in the Barents Sea

Barrett

2002

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Between 1980 and 2000, Atlantic puffins Fratercula arctica and common guillemots Uria aalge breeding in the southern Barents Sea fed their chicks on varying proportions of 4 main categories of prey: capelin Mallotus villosus, sandeels Ammodytes sp., I-group herring Clupea harengus and 0-group cod Gadus morhua. The varying proportions in both numbers and masses of the capelin, herring and cod in the seabird diet showed clear responses to the independently measured prey stocks. Amounts of capelin, herring and 0-group cod fed to Atlantic puffin chicks were good indicators of fish availability, whereas only amounts of herring fed to common guillemot chicks were correlated with the biomass of I-group herring in the region. The more general response by the Atlantic puffins probably results from their ability to catch only small fishes. Despite large interannual differences in prey consumption plus gradual changes in meal sizes, the growth rates of the chicks of both species remained near their maximum, suggesting physiological restraints in growth during plentiful years and/or compensatory foraging behaviour by the adults.

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“…Seabirds that routinely dive deep (e.g. shearwaters and alcids) are at greater risk of encountering bottom-set gillnets (Piatt & Nettleship 1985, Burger & Simpson 1986, Jury 1986, Cairns 1992, Keitt et al 2000, Burger 2001, Montevecchi 2001, Lowther et al 2002, Montevecchi & Stenhouse 2002. However, birds may also have been captured as nets were set or hauled, in which case they may have swum into the nets by accident, or attempted to feed on entangled fish or discards near the fishing vessel (Camphuysen et al 1995, Tasker et al 2000.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidental catch of seabirds in Newfoundland and Labrador gillnet fisheries, 2001-2003

Benjamins¹,

Kulka

Lawson

2008

Endang. Species Res.

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Diving Depths of Four Alcids

Cited by 162 publications

References 9 publications

Scale-dependent correlation of seabirds with schooling fish in a coastal ecosystem

Scale-dependent correlation of seabirds with schooling fish in a coastal ecosystem

Atlantic puffin Fratercula arctica and common guillemot Uria aalge chick diet and growth as indicators of fish stocks in the Barents Sea

Incidental catch of seabirds in Newfoundland and Labrador gillnet fisheries, 2001-2003

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