Diverticula of the female urethra: diagnosis by endovaginal and transperineal sonography.

Keefe, Bernadette; Warshauer, David M.; Tucker, Maria; Mittelstaedt, Carol A.

doi:10.2214/ajr.156.6.1903021

Cited by 68 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…However, it cannot be used routinely because it requires a very expensive dedicated intravascular unit. 15,16 In our experience, TVUS proved more effective than the conventional examinations (physical examination, voiding cystourethrography, and pelvic ultrasonography) in the diagnosis of organic urethral diseases. TVUS also provided a better evaluation of diverticula than voiding cystourethrography.…”

Section: A B Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…13,14 Transperineal sonography can reveal periurethral masses as well as transvaginal echography can but cannot give an accurate anatomic evaluation. 15,16 Transurethral sonography has more accuracy because it can show the neck of a diverticulum better than TVUS and transperineal sonography. However, it cannot be used routinely because it requires a very expensive dedicated intravascular unit.…”

Section: A B Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transvaginal ultrasonography in the assessment of organic diseases of female urethra.

Fontana

Porpiglia

Morra

et al. 1999

Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine

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The current investigation aimed to check the effectiveness of transvaginal ultrasonography in the diagnosis of organic urethral diseases, comparing its results with those of conventional examinations (physical examination, voiding cystourethrography, pelvic ultrasonography, cystourethroscopy). Transvaginal ultrasonography was performed in 560 female patients with recurrent cystitis, dysuria, or palpable masses and diagnosed the following urethral diseases: 25 diverticula, seven stenoses, three carcinomas, two leiomyomas of periurethral tissue, and one incomplete duplex urethra. In our study transvaginal ultrasonography proved to be the most reliable diagnostic tool among imaging methods used.

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Section: A B Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: A B Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transvaginal ultrasonography in the assessment of organic diseases of female urethra.

Fontana

Porpiglia

Morra

et al. 1999

Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine

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“…The urethra can be assessed using trans abdominal, perineal or endoluminar (transvaginal, endourethral and transrectal) probes. The transabdominal route requires a full bladder as a 'window' and has low sensitivity in detecting small diverticula [38]. Transvaginal ultra sono graphy is more sensitive but has the disadvantage of necessitating direct urethral compression for imaging, which somewhat distorts anatomy [39].…”

Section: Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Female urethral diverticula: from pathogenesis to management. An update

Giannitsas

Athanasopoulos²

2010

Expert Review of Obstetrics & Gynecology

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Urethral diverticulum, a sac-like protrusion communicating with the urethral lumen, is a relatively uncommon occurrence. It represents either an infected paraurethral gland that has ruptured in the urethra or a prolapse of the urethral wall through a defect in the periurethral fascia. The classic clinical presentation is a soft, slightly tender vaginal lesion causing dysuria, dyspareunia and dribbling incontinence. Unfortunately, this classic presentation is only seldom seen. The condition may be either asymptomatic or manifest nonspecific symptoms of any lower genitourinary tract pathology. In the majority of cases, diagnosis relies on imaging, with MRI becoming the technique of choice, as it is accurate and provides detailed anatomical information. Complete excision of the diverticular sac with meticulous urethral and periurethral reconstruction is the 'gold standard' treatment. Success rates of 70-100% have been reported, with a few complications occurring, particularly in cases of large and complex diverticula.

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“…1,2 Usually they are diagnosed during the third through sixth decades of life. 3,4 Most diverticula are acquired as a result of infected paraurethral glands followed by ductal stenosis and the opening of the resulting abscess into the urethral lumen.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5 Although 20% of patients are asymptomatic, these lesions are frequently associated with chronic lower urinary tract symptoms including dysuria, hematuria, dyspareunia, and incontinence. 2 A pelvic examination often reveals an anterior vaginal wall mass which may be painful. 3 The diagnosis is usually established by a combination of vaginal examination, urethroscopy, and radiologic studies, including urethrography, ultrasonography, and MR imaging.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%