Diversity, potentiality, and conservation status of fish fauna in the upper Mahakam’s tributaries, East Kalimantan

Abstract

Diversity, potentiality and conservation status of fish fauna in upper Mahakam’s tributaries of east Kalimantan is unknown. The purposes of this study were to analysis species diversity, determine potentiality and conservation status of fish fauna in upper Mahakam’s tributaries, east Kalimantan. Fish sampling with purposive method was conducted in four tributaries, i.e Tepai River, Pahangai River, Danum Parai River, and Meraseh River for one month. Fishes were collected by several gears type. The results of this research showed that the total number of fish caught was 820 individuals; consist of 26 species, 7 families, and 4 orders. The Cyprinidae was the most dominant family found in all tributaries. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index in four tributaries were varied and ranging from 1.749-2.087. The highest fish diversity was recorded at Maraseh River followed by Pahangai River, Danum Parai River, and Tepai River. The low fish diversity was discovered at Tepai River may be due to differences in substrate type, water velocity, and water depth as compared to the Maraseh River, Pahangai River, Danum Parai River. The fish species similarity coefficient between four tributaries ranged from 0.606-0.842 and the highest dissimilarity was found between Tepai River and Danum Parai River. Almost all fishes categorized as edible fish for local consumption. Syncrossus hymenophysa and Gastromyzon lepidogaster have potential as ornamental fish. Regarding IUCN red list status, six fish species were grouped into least concern status, two species as data deficient, one species as near threatened, one species as endangered species and 16 other species were not on the list.

Analisis Status Mutu Air Sungai Mahakam Kota Samarinda Menggunakan Metode Indeks Pencemaran

“…Di Provinsi Kalimantan Timur, Sungai Mahakam merupakan sungai terbesar. Panjang Sungai Mahakam yaitu 920 km, luas sebesar 149.277 km 2 dan kedalaman 50 meter di bagian hilir dan 100 meter di bagian hulu [4].…”

The Fisheries Economy in the Mahakam River: Benefits and Factors that Affect It

“…Mahakam River 147 (Christensen 1992) Mahakam River (Upper Melak District -Downstream Samarinda City) 174 (Kottelat 1995) Semayang Lake and Melintang Lake 15 (Haryono 2006) Kaman River Estuary & Semayang Lake 19 & 24 (Nasution et al 2008) Middle to Lower Mahakam River 44 (Suyatna et al 2017) Upstream of the Mahakam River 26 (Jusmaldi et al 2019) Source: Compiled from various sources, 2020…”

“…Based on this regulation, the territory of East Kalimantan's land water is in the WPPNRI-PD 436 which includes rivers, lakes, reservoirs, swamps, and / or other standing water. Observing these regulations, the research locations are included in the Mahakam River area and the sub-watershed areas including the Kedang Pela River, Belayan River, Enggelam River, Melintang Lake and Semayang Lake (Soetopo, 2007;Jusmaldi et al, 2019). These land waters have been used for a long time as a fishing ground by people who lives along the river and above the lake.…”

“…Furthermore, the latest resea rch conducted by Suyatna et al, (2017) found 44 types of fish in the Mahakam River from the middle to the downstream. Furthermore, the latest research conducted by Jusmaldi et al, (2019) found 26 types of fish in the upstream area of the Mahakam River. These research show that fish resources can be found along the Mahakam River and the sub-watersheds including the surrounding lakes.…”

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“…Ikan yang berada di perairan air tawar ataupun perairan air laut tergolong menjadi ikan hias dan ikan konsumsi (Jusmaldi et al, 2019). Ikan konsumsi adalah jenis ikan yang dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat sebagai sumber pangan dalam memenuhi kebutuhan konsumsi dan sumber pendapatan dalam meningkatkan perekonomian (Mikda & Hasanah, 2022).…”