Diversity Patterns of Benthic Macrofauna Caused by Marine Fish Farming

Sanz‐Lázaro, Carlos; Marín, Antonio Riquelme

doi:10.3390/d3020176

Cited by 56 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 130 publications

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“…Capitellids are opportunistic polychaetes (Borja, Franco & Perez, ) that are notoriously abundant below fish farms (e.g., Karakassis, Tsapakis, Hatziyanni, Papdopoulou & Plaiti, ; Vita & Marin, ; Dean, ), and would characteristically dominate benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages near a source of organic enrichment (Pearson & Rosenberg, ) and hence act as good indicators of organic pollution. On the other hand, malacostracan crustaceans, followed by bivalves and gastropods, are generally sensitive to low sediment oxygen levels (Sanz‐Lázaro & Marin, , and references therein).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of benthic biological indicators for evaluating the environmental impact of tuna farming

et al. 2017

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The overall impact of tuna farming on soft‐bottom habitat was assessed at three tuna farms over a period of 3 years, using benthic macroinvertebrates as indicators. Polychaetes and amphipods served as better indicators of the impact of tuna farming compared with molluscs and decapods. Lower number and Shannon–Wiener diversity of polychaete and amphipod taxa were recorded over time at the impacted plots compared with the control plots, while the polychaete/amphipod index indicated that the Ecological Quality Status at the impacted plots changed from “Poor”/”Moderate” to “Good” during the study period. Results of the multivariate analyses indicated significantly higher dispersion of samples of the polychaete and amphipod assemblages over time at the impacted plots compared with the control plots, indicative of stressed assemblages. Differences in the macroinvertebrate assemblages between impacted and control plots were consistent across faunal groups except for molluscs, which showed no response. Results must be interpreted with caution due to the high spatiotemporal variation in the influence of tuna farming on the macroinvertebrate assemblages, which highlights the importance of including multiple impacted and reference areas, as well as replicate sampling times, in assessing the environmental impact of tuna farms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of benthic biological indicators for evaluating the environmental impact of tuna farming

et al. 2017

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“…The most common effects of farming fish in cages which are of greatest concern are mainly the issue of local eutrophication. The largest source of waste in aquaculture is organic matter coming from the fish feed (Sanz‐Lázaro & Marín ). Generally speaking, approximately 1/4 of the nutrients added via fish feed are incorporated into the fish meat itself, whereas 3/4 remain in the water (Holmer, Wildfish & Hargrave ).This organic matter is relatively rich in organic carbon and nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus, released in particulate and dissolved form.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental effects of a marine fish farm of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) in the NW Mediterranean Sea on water column and sediment

et al. 2013

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WileyMorata Higón, T.; Falco Giaccaglia, SL.; Gadea, I.; Sospedra Ciscar, J.; Rodilla Alamá, M. (2013). Environmental effects of a marine fish farm of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) This study examined the effects of organic enrichment on water column, sediments and macrofauna caused by a fish farm in the Mediterranean Sea. Samples were collected on four sampling campaigns over a one-year cycle. Significant differences were found in the water column in dissolved oxygen, dissolved inorganic nitrogen, phosphate and total phosphorus concentrations between the fish farm and the control. The increase in the dissolved inorganic nitrogen and phosphate concentrations at the fish farm modified the stoichiometric ratios between nutrients, with silicate acting as limiting nutrient at the fish farm 11% more than at the control. Nevertheless, chlorophyll a concentration in the water column was higher at the control station, probably due to the fouling of the underwater fish farm structures. Significant differences were found in sediment concentrations of organic matter, total phosphorus and redox potential between the fish farm and the control. The Canonical Correlation Analysis indicated that organic matter, total phosphorus, redox potential and % of gravels accounted for 68.9% of the total variance in the species data. Changes were observed in macrofauna, with a decrease in number of species and up to a nine-fold increase in abundance with respect to the control.

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“…The end products of anaerobic metabolism include many toxic catabolites, such as ammonia, hydrogen sulphide and methane, in addition to the products of fermentation, such as lactic acid, alcohols, and lowmolecular-weight fatty acids (Goldhaber & Kaplan, 1974;US EPA, 1986, 1989Nixon et al, 1995;Eddy, 2005;Cooksey & Hyland, 2007). Depending on their chemistry and concentration, these products spread through the water column, with toxic effects on aquatic organisms (Järvekülg, 1976;Wilson et al, 1986;Dayv et al, 1989;Sanz-Lázaro & Marín, 2011).…”

Section: The Concept Of Saprobitymentioning

confidence: 96%

Saprobity: a unified view of benthic succession models for coastal lagoons

2012

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We briefly review and expand upon classic conceptual models describing the succession of benthic communities along a gradient of organic matter (OM) enrichment developed for freshwater (the Saprobity System), coastal marine (the Pearson-Rosenberg [P-R] model) and lagoon (the Guélorget-Perthuisot [G-P] model) ecosystems. Differences and similarities between various approaches and models are highlighted and the P-R and G-P models are unified under a single conceptual framework of habitat saprobity in coastal lagoons. We refer to saprobity as the state of an aquatic ecosystem resulting from the input and decomposition of OM and the removal of its catabolites. In addition to other factors, such as salinity, saprobity is viewed as a selection factor for species diversity. The higher the saprobity is, the more impaired the system is, with progressively poorer benthic communities characterized by species that are increasingly tolerant of reducing conditions and toxicity. In coastal lagoons, these processes are strongly driven by hydrodynamics, which govern the land-sea gradient. Based on our review and analysis, we find that saprobity can be a useful descriptor of ecosystem state as determined by OM metabolism, suitable for characterizing the natural conditions of coastal lagoons and assessing their quality.

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Diversity Patterns of Benthic Macrofauna Caused by Marine Fish Farming

Cited by 56 publications

References 130 publications

Assessment of benthic biological indicators for evaluating the environmental impact of tuna farming

Assessment of benthic biological indicators for evaluating the environmental impact of tuna farming

Environmental effects of a marine fish farm of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) in the NW Mediterranean Sea on water column and sediment

Saprobity: a unified view of benthic succession models for coastal lagoons

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