Diversity of wild bees in wet meadows: Implications for conservation

Moroń, Dawid; Szentgyörgyi, Hajnalka; Wantuch, Marta; Celary, Waldemar; Westphal, Catrin; Settele, Josef; Woyciechowski, Michał

doi:10.1672/08-83.1

Cited by 46 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…We found a high diversity of cavity nesting hosts, 41 species, which agrees with previous studies that have described high diversity in extensively managed grasslands (e.g. Kwaiser and Hendrix 2008;Moron et al 2008). We also found a surprisingly high number of bee species (22 bee species and 19 wasp species), while former studies of cavity-nesting hymenoptera in Europe, in other habitat types, found lower numbers and more wasp than bee species (hosts) (Gathmann and Tscharntke 1999;SteffanDewenter 2002;Albrecht et al 2007;Holzschuh et al 2009;Sobek et al 2009;Schüepp et al 2010).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Multitrophic effects of experimental changes in plant diversity on cavity-nesting bees, wasps, and their parasitoids

et al. 2011

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Plant diversity changes can impact the abundance, diversity, and functioning of species at higher trophic levels. We used an experimental gradient in grassland plant diversity ranging from 1 to 16 plant species to study multitrophic interactions among plants, cavity-nesting bees and wasps, and their natural enemies, and analysed brood cell density, insect diversity (species richness), and bee and wasp community similarity over two consecutive years. The bee and wasp communities were more similar among the high (16 species) diversity plots than among plots of the lower diversity levels (up to 8 species), and a more similar community of bees and wasps resulted in a more similar community of their parasitoids. Plant diversity, which was closely related to flower diversity, positively and indirectly affected bee diversity and the diversity of their parasitoids via increasing brood cell density of bees. Increasing plant diversity directly led to higher wasp diversity. Parasitism rates of bees and wasps (hosts) were not affected by plant diversity, but increased with the diversity of their respective parasitoids. Decreases in parasitism rates of bees arose from increasing brood cell density of bees (hosts), whereas decreasing parasitism rates of wasps arose from increasing wasp diversity (hosts). In conclusion, decreases in plant diversity propagated through different trophic levels: from plants to insect hosts to their parasitoids, decreasing density and diversity. The positive relationship between plant diversity and the community similarity of higher trophic levels indicates a community-stabilising effect of high plant diversity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Multitrophic effects of experimental changes in plant diversity on cavity-nesting bees, wasps, and their parasitoids

et al. 2011

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“…Irrigation may indirectly support bees, even large colonies of eusocial bees, by allowing abundant floral resources to survive, whereas flowers in semi‐natural habitats depend on rainfall and tend to dry out during the dry season (Frampton et al ., ; Scriven et al ., ). Bees in wetlands are shown to be more influenced by food availability than nesting substrates (Bartholomew & Prowell, ; Moroń et al ., ). However, little is known about bee richness in wetlands as a result of wet habitats rarely being investigated because they are not considered suitable for the maintenance of high wild bee diversity (Moroń et al ., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Bees in wetlands are shown to be more influenced by food availability than nesting substrates (Bartholomew & Prowell, ; Moroń et al ., ). However, little is known about bee richness in wetlands as a result of wet habitats rarely being investigated because they are not considered suitable for the maintenance of high wild bee diversity (Moroń et al ., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effects of landscape cover and local habitat characteristics on visiting bees in tropical orchards

Tangtorwongsakul

Warrit

Gale

2017

Agri and Forest Entomology

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1 Global population declines of insect pollinators highlight the need for a greater ecological understanding of the responses of wild pollinators to local management actions and to human alterations of landscapes, especially in the tropics where crops are highly dependent on wild pollinators. 2 We examined the effects of local and landscape factors on the richness and abundance of bees in farms around Bangkok, Thailand. Bee communities in 24 mango (Mangifera indica L.) orchards in heavily modified landscapes (61-99% anthropogenic land cover) were compared. We predicted that bees would be more species rich in orchards with higher flower diversity, whereas small-sized bees with non-eusocial and/or below-ground nesting habits would be more sensitive to human disturbance, and hence rare. 3 Twenty-eight species were caught and individuals of genus Apis comprised >92% of 3842 bees sampled and dominated all 24 sites. 4 Habitat effects on bee richness and abundance were stronger at the farm scale than at the landscape scale. At the farm scale, total bee richness and abundance, as well as small, non-eusocial and below-ground nesting bee richness and abundance, were negatively associated with field size and positively associated with flowering plant diversity. The percentage of urban land cover within a 1-km radius was weakly but positively related to total bee richness and small-sized bee richness; total bee abundance was positively associated with wetland cover. 5 A greater diversity of flowering plants retained in smaller fields maintained higher bee richness and abundances, particularly small-sized bees. Farmers can enhance bee populations by maintaining small patches of flowers in their fields.

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“…We compared the reproduction of females and survival of their offspring, as well as population dynamics, of O. rufa along two gradients of heavy metal pollution (cadmium, lead and zinc), one in Poland and the other in the United Kingdom. We measured fitness parameters of O. rufa within trap nests (Moro n et al, 2008). On the basis of ecotoxicology concepts and models of optimal energy allocation (Walker et al, 2012), we expected a higher concentration of heavy metals in bees to coincide with an increase in pollution levels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survival, reproduction and population growth of the bee pollinator, Osmia rufa (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae), along gradients of heavy metal pollution

Moroń

Szentgyörgyi

Skórka

et al. 2013

Insect Conserv Diversity

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Bees are one of the most important groups of pollinators in the temperate zone. Although heavy metal pollution is recognised to be a problem affecting large parts of the European Union, we currently lack insights into the effects of heavy metals on wild bee survival and reproduction. We investigated the impact of heavy metal pollution on the wild bee Osmia rufa (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) by comparing their survival, reproduction and population dynamics along two independent gradients of heavy metal pollution, one in Poland and the other in the United Kingdom. We used trap nests to evaluate the response of fitness and survival parameters of O. rufa. To quantify the levels of pollution, we directly measured the heavy metal concentration in provisions collected by O. rufa. We found that with increasing heavy metal concentration, there was a steady decrease in number of brood cells constructed by females and an increase in the proportion of dead offspring. In the most polluted site, there were typically 3–4 cells per female with 50–60% dead offspring, whereas in unpolluted sites there were 8 to 10 cells per female and only 10–30% dead offspring. Moreover, the bee population growth rate (R0) decreased along the heavy metal pollution gradients. In unpolluted sites, R0 was above 1, whereas in contaminated sites, the values tended to be below 1. Our findings reveal a negative relationship between heavy metal pollution and several fitness parameters of the wild bee O. rufa, and highlight a mechanism whereby the detrimental effects of heavy metal pollution may severely impact wild bee communities.

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Diversity of wild bees in wet meadows: Implications for conservation

Cited by 46 publications

References 25 publications

Multitrophic effects of experimental changes in plant diversity on cavity-nesting bees, wasps, and their parasitoids

Multitrophic effects of experimental changes in plant diversity on cavity-nesting bees, wasps, and their parasitoids

Effects of landscape cover and local habitat characteristics on visiting bees in tropical orchards

Survival, reproduction and population growth of the bee pollinator, Osmia rufa (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae), along gradients of heavy metal pollution

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