Diversity of Staphylococcus aureus strains colonizing various niches of the human body

Muenks, Carol E.; Hogan, Patrick G.; Wang, Jeffrey W.; Eisenstein, Kimberly A.; Fritz, Stephanie A.

doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2016.03.015

Cited by 20 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Enterotoxigenic S. aureus may constitute a resident member of the intestinal microbial community and colonized persons can harbor multiple S. aureus strains in the microflora for a longer period of time, which was demonstrated in isolates from children [40]. Other studies demonstrate that 7–30% of individuals colonized with S. aureus possess multiple strain types within one body niche and from one up to six different genotypes were identified per individual [41]. Similarly, Acco and co-workers demonstrated multiple S. aureus carriage for food handlers in the food industry by testing 3 isolates per food handler [42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food-Borne Outbreak Investigation and Molecular Typing: High Diversity of Staphylococcus aureus Strains and Importance of Toxin Detection

Denayer

Delbrassinne

Nia

et al. 2017

Toxins

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Staphylococcus aureus is an important aetiological agent of food intoxications in the European Union as it can cause gastro-enteritis through the production of various staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) in foods. Reported enterotoxin dose levels causing food-borne illness are scarce and varying. Three food poisoning outbreaks due to enterotoxin-producing S. aureus strains which occurred in 2013 in Belgium are described. The outbreaks occurred in an elderly home, at a barbecue event and in a kindergarten and involved 28, 18, and six cases, respectively. Various food leftovers contained coagulase positive staphylococci (CPS). Low levels of staphylococcal enterotoxins ranging between 0.015 ng/g and 0.019 ng/g for enterotoxin A (SEA), and corresponding to 0.132 ng/g for SEC were quantified in the food leftovers for two of the reported outbreaks. Molecular typing of human and food isolates using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and enterotoxin gene typing, confirmed the link between patients and the suspected foodstuffs. This also demonstrated the high diversity of CPS isolates both in the cases and in healthy persons carrying enterotoxin genes encoding emetic SEs for which no detection methods currently exist. For one outbreak, the investigation pointed out to the food handler who transmitted the outbreak strain to the food. Tools to improve staphylococcal food poisoning (SFP) investigations are presented.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food-Borne Outbreak Investigation and Molecular Typing: High Diversity of Staphylococcus aureus Strains and Importance of Toxin Detection

Denayer

Delbrassinne

Nia

et al. 2017

Toxins

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show abstract

“…Staphylococci are widespread gram-positive bacteria physiologically colonising human and animal skin and mucosa. S. aureus is the major human facultative pathogen causing skin-and wound-infections but also severe systemic infections in immunosuppressed patients and is the main cause for nosocomial infections [1]. In asymptomatic humans, the bacteria can be isolated from different anatomical niches but lives primarily in the nostrils.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

StaphMap Tyrol – pre-study on the prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococci (MRSA) in Tyrol

Oberhauser¹,

Lutz-Nicoladoni²

2020

Proceedings of 5th Austrian Citizen Science Conference 2019 — PoS(ACSC2019)

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Staphylococci are gram-positive bacteria, physiologically residing on human and animal skin and mucosa. Most clinically relevant is Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), a facultative pathogenic organism provoking infections of skin and wounds, but also severe systemic infections in immunosuppressed patients. Methicillin-resistant strains of S. aureus (MRSA), associated with the health care system, termed hospital acquired (HA)-MRSA, have been a major hospital hygiene problem for decades and are the major cause of nosocomial infections. In a population without any contact to the health care system community acquired (CA)-MRSA, mostly higher pathogenic has been detected more frequently during the last years. Additionally, livestock-associated (LA)-MRSA, associated with massive use of antibiotics in industrial livestock farming, is found in man and beast.

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“…S. aureus is an opportunistic pathogen with the potential to cause community-associated and nosocomial infections [1]. It is the most common gram-positive pathogen associated with sepsis, with a prevalence of up to 20% of all blood culture positive sepsis cases [2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of antibiotic treatment on the detection of S. aureus in whole blood following pathogen enrichment

et al. 2019

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Background: Early pathogen detection and identification are crucial for an effective and targeted antibiotic therapy in patients suffering from blood stream infection. Molecular diagnostic methods can accelerate pathogen identification as compared to blood culture, but frequently suffer from the inhibition of polymerase chain reation (PCR) by sample matrix components, such as host DNA, anticoagulants, or plasma proteins. To overcome this limitation, molecular diagnostic methods commonly rely on pathogen enrichment by selective lysis of blood cells and pelleting of intact pathogens prior to analysis. Results: Here, we investigated the impact of antibiotic treatment on the recovery of pathogen DNA using an established pathogen enrichment protocol. Based on the hypothesis that induction of bacterial cell wall disintegration following antibiotic administration leads to incomplete pelleting of pathogen DNA, S. aureus was grown in human whole blood with or without addition of cell wall active (vancomycin, piperacillin) or non cell wall active (ciprofloxacin, clindamycin) antibiotics at clinically relevant concentrations. Pathogen detection remained unaffected by non cell wall active antibiotics or even increased in the presence of cell wall active antibiotics, indicating improved accessibility of pathogen DNA. Likewise, mechanical lysis of S. aureus prior to pathogen enrichment resulted in increased recovery of pathogen DNA. Quantification of pathogen and human DNA after selective lysis of blood cells and pathogen enrichment confirmed partial depletion of human DNA, leading to a net enrichment of pathogen DNA over human DNA. Conclusion: Concurrent antibiotic administration does not reduce the recovery of pathogen DNA during pathogen enrichment by selective lysis and centrifugation. Leads to a 10-fold human DNA depletion as compared to pathogen DNA. Moreover, we confirm that the recovery of pathogen DNA after pathogen enrichment is not negatively influenced by concurrent antibiotic administration.

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Diversity of Staphylococcus aureus strains colonizing various niches of the human body

Cited by 20 publications

References 20 publications

Food-Borne Outbreak Investigation and Molecular Typing: High Diversity of Staphylococcus aureus Strains and Importance of Toxin Detection

Food-Borne Outbreak Investigation and Molecular Typing: High Diversity of Staphylococcus aureus Strains and Importance of Toxin Detection

StaphMap Tyrol – pre-study on the prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococci (MRSA) in Tyrol

Influence of antibiotic treatment on the detection of S. aureus in whole blood following pathogen enrichment

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