Diversity of soil-borne fungal species associated to root rot and vine decline of melon in Sardinia (Italy)

Infantino, A.; Balmas, Virgilio; Schianchi, Nicola; Mocali, Stefano; Chiellini, Carolina; Martignoni, D.; Aleandri, Maria Pia; Tomassoli, L.; Haegi, Anita; Grottoli, Alessandro; Chilosi, G.

doi:10.1007/s42161-021-00774-9

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…These infections included Plectosphaerella melonis, P. cucumerina, Fusarium solani, Macrophomina phaseolina, and Monosporascus cannonballus. Olpidium bornovanus and O. virulentus with two distinct species were identified through the use of bait plants and NGS analysis [49]. This study also revealed the impact of plant species identity and drought on the richness and composition of both the overall and pathogenic fungal population that is linked to the roots of 16 distinct grassland plant species.…”

Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 89%

Unraveling the diversity and spatial distribution of Soil-borne Fungal Mycobiomes with response to environmental parameters, cropping schemes and cropping seasons

Arif

2024

Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology

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The arid zones are vital agricultural areas, yet they encounter substantial obstacles due to destructive plant diseases caused by soil-borne fungal pathogens. Gaining knowledge about the structure and behavior of the fungus community in the soil and its connection to these ailments is crucial for developing efficient ways to manage the diseases. This study aimed to examine the fungal communities found in soil in areas with high temperatures and multiple cropping schemes. The main objectives of this study were to provide insight into the relationship between these fungal communities, environmental circumstances, and the occurrence of severe plant diseases. Soil samples were collected from agricultural fields exhibiting disease outbreaks, and the fungus diversity was analyzed using modern techniques. The results of this study revealed a diverse array of soil-dwelling fungi, encompassing both beneficial and detrimental species. The presence of pathogenic fungi, specifically basidiomycetes and ascomycetes, in soils where disease outbreaks occur frequently suggests that they play a substantial role in the development of these diseases. Temperature, moisture, and soil conditions also affected fungal community structure and disease dynamics. These findings highlight the importance of soil-borne fungus mycobiome in forecasting and managing plant diseases. To reduce severe plant diseases and preserve agricultural sustainability in these areas, integrated disease management must include the complex interactions between soil fungus, plant hosts, and environmental conditions. To understand fungal pathophysiology and develop targeted disease preventive and control measures, a comprehensive study is required.

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Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 89%

Unraveling the diversity and spatial distribution of Soil-borne Fungal Mycobiomes with response to environmental parameters, cropping schemes and cropping seasons

Arif

2024

Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology

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“…In 2012, a case of pathogenicity of P. melonis 502 against cucumber plants in Ukraine was reported [18]. In 2017, the disease was registered in melons in Egypt [19], and in 2021 in Italy [20].…”

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confidence: 99%

Plectosphaerella melonis (Syn. Acremonium cucurbitacearum) — Plant Pathogenic Organism

Tsekhmister¹,

Kyslynska²

2022

Mikrobiol. Z.

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Fungal diseases cause signifi cant damage to agriculture. Plectosphaerella melonis (syn. Acremonium cucurbitacearum and Nodulisporium melonis) is a pathogen of cultivated plant diseases in Spain, Italy, Japan, USA, Egypt, and Ukraine. This review discusses the main results of research related to this phytopathogen. By morphological and cultural features, P. melonis is a morphologically intermediate species between A. strictum and A. charticola, however, 5.8S-ITS regionbased phylogenetic analysis showed that P. melonis is a monophyletic taxon more closely related to Plectosphaerella than to other species of the genus Acremonium. The most susceptible plants are at the stage of germination; however, the development of the disease is manifested in the fruiting period. For a comprehensive assessment of virulence, real leaf area (RLA) of the first two leaves, lesion of hypocotyl (RH), root collar (RSR), primary (R1R) and secondary roots (R2R) are measured. P. melonis affects the root system, in particular the root collar and hypocotyl, and colonizes the epidermis and cortex of the root centrographically towards the stem. The range of host plants includes Cucurbitaceae, however, peppers, tomatoes, basil, and parsley are infected as well. Plants vary in susceptibility depending on the species and even variety. The pathogenic response of plants differs depending on the growing conditions (protected and open soil), the interaction between the pathogen and competing microorganisms, and other ecological and trophic relationships. The main means of control are the use of long-term crop rotations and the selection of resistant varieties. In Ukraine, a strain of the antagonist fungus Trichoderma viride was selected, which is an effective means for controlling P. melonis 502. The aim of our work was to establish the role of P. melonis in the development of diseases of cultivated plants.

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Durum Wheat Production as Affected by Soil Tillage and Fertilization Management in a Mediterranean Environment

et al. 2023

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Several strategies have been proposed recently to reduce the accumulated harmful circumstances of intensive conventional farming practices. The adoption of conservation soil tillage and organic fertilization techniques could contribute to achieving this goal. The study was conducted over a three-year trial to assess the effects of soil tillage practices (plough; subsoil; spading) and fertilization management (inorganic vs. organic) on durum wheat growth dynamics and productivity in a Mediterranean environment. The chlorophyll concentration (CC) was evaluated using an MC-100 chlorophyll meter, and Green Area (GA) was extracted from red-green-blue (RGB) digital images acquired with a commercially available digital camera. These non-destructive low-cost methods were used to examine crop status and its reactions to climate conditions over three consecutive growing seasons in the field. A positive strong linear relationship between both CC and GA against grain yield in each growing season was identified. The study highlights that CC and GA methods are valuable tools to assess crop development under Mediterranean conditions. The results indicated that the applied conservation tillage systems, such as subsoil tillage and using the spading machine, along with organic fertilization with compost, are valuable choices in the Mediterranean basin for sustainable and higher crop production (13%) compared to the conventional traditional system.

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Diversity of soil-borne fungal species associated to root rot and vine decline of melon in Sardinia (Italy)

Cited by 4 publications

References 58 publications

Unraveling the diversity and spatial distribution of Soil-borne Fungal Mycobiomes with response to environmental parameters, cropping schemes and cropping seasons

Unraveling the diversity and spatial distribution of Soil-borne Fungal Mycobiomes with response to environmental parameters, cropping schemes and cropping seasons

Plectosphaerella melonis (Syn. Acremonium cucurbitacearum) — Plant Pathogenic Organism

Durum Wheat Production as Affected by Soil Tillage and Fertilization Management in a Mediterranean Environment

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