Diversity ofAnastrephaspp. (Diptera: Tephritidae) and Associated Braconid Parasitoids From Native and Exotic Hosts in Southeastern Bahia, Brazil

Abstract

We documented fruit fly-host associations and infestation rates over 5 yr in the state of Bahia, Brazil, by systematically collecting native and introduced fruits in backyard and commercial orchards, experimental stations, and patches of native vegetation. Fruit were collected in multiple sites in the southern and southernmost regions of Bahia. A total of 942.22 kg from 27 fruit species in 15 plant families was collected throughout this study. Of these, 15 plant species from six families were infested by Anastrepha species. A total of 11,614 fruit flies was reared from the fruit (5,178 females and 6,436 males). No specimens of Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) were recovered. Eleven Anastrepha species were recovered from the collected fruit: Anastrepha antunesi Lima (0.04%), Anastrepha distincta Greene (0.1%), Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann) (53.5%), Anastrepha leptozona Hendel (4.5%), Anastrepha manihoti Lima (0.1%), Anastrepha montei Lima (1.0%), Anastrepha obliqua (Macquart) (33.0%), Anastrepha pickeli Lima (2.0%), Anastrepha serpentina (Wiedemann) (1.0%), Anastrepha sororcula Zucchi (3.0%), and Anastrepha zenildae Zucchi (1.8%). We recovered 1,265 parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from Anastrepha pupae. Three species of braconids were found to parasitize larvae of nine Anastrepha species. The most common parasitoid species recovered was Doryctobracon areolatus (Szépligeti) (81.7%), followed by Utetes anastrephae (Viereck) (12.2%) and Asobara anastrephae (Muesebeck) (6.1%). We report A. fraterculus infesting Malay apple Syzygium malaccense (L.) Merr. & L. M. Perry and A. fraterculus, A. sororcula, and A. zenildae infesting araza Eugenia stipitata McVaugh for the first time in Brazil.

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“…When crosses involving resistant x resistant parents, as in TSH 1188 x VB 1151 (0.83%) or susceptible x susceptible, as in SGU 26 x CCN 51 (51.66%) and EET 45 x CC 10 (36.66%) are considered, they occupy the extreme of dispersion in the averages of dead plants. A very high agreement was verified with the results of other works in spite of the differences in inoculation methods (natural field infections vs. greenhouse artificial inoculation) (Silva et al, 2010. Also, a significant correlation coeficient (r =.60 **) has been observed between greenhouse and field incidence of Ceratocystis wilt previously (Yamada et al, 2012).…”

“…The clone CCN 51, used as Where x = average of the incidence of the disease. susceptible control in other studies (Silva et al 2010, as well as CCN 10, CC 10, CEPEC 515 should be susceptible (Table 2). However, the rate of mortality progenies of those clones decreased when they were crossed with resistant clones as in CEPEC 523 x CCN51 (8.33%), CCN 10 x VB 1151 (6.…”

“…The clones CEPEC 523, VB 1151, CASA and TSH 1188 are resistant. Clones VB 1151 and TSH 1188 have been used as resistant control in other studies (Silva et al, 2010 and in this experiment the crosses between the two, resulted in very low frequency of dead plants (0.83%) ( Table 2).…”

“…É considerada economicamente importante e está associada a 16 espécies de plantas hospedeiras, sendo que 10 são representantes de Sapotaceae (Aluja, 1994;Zucchi, 2008). Outros estudos relataram a preferencia da A. serpentina por frutos hospedeiros de Sapotaceae (Bittencourt et al, 2012;Silva et al, 2010;Martins;Zucchi, 2008), que corrobora o resultado obtido nas coletas realizadas em Canavieiras. Os exemplares de A. fraterculus coletados estão relacionados à presença de hospedeiros primários próximos ao pomar de sapota, como a pitangueira (Eugenia uniflora L. -Myrtaceae).…”

“…In another study, the clones FB 04, SCA 6, IPIR 1, PAT 301, RVID 08, SALOB 3, PH 92, FB 17, LP 24,TSH 1188 and VB 1151 were classified as resistant, and the clones EET 399, CCN 51 and SJ 02 as susceptible (Silva et al, 2010) using open pollinated progenies.…”