Diversity of Gut Microbiota Affecting Serum Level of Undercarboxylated Osteocalcin in Patients with Crohn’s Disease

Abstract

Several reports have indicated a possible link between decreasing plasma levels of vitamin K and bone mineral density. It has been suggested that intestinal bacteria contribute to maintenance of vitamin K. Several factors are involved in the reduction of vitamin K in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD). We aimed to assess the relationship between gut microbiota and alternative indicators of vitamin K deficiency in patients with CD. We collected the feces of 26 patients with clinically inactive CD. We extracted 16S rRNA from the intestinal bacteria in the feces and amplified it by polymerase chain reaction. The generated polymerase chain reaction product was analyzed using a 16S metagenomic approach by Illumina Miseq platform. Serum undercarboxylated osteocalcin concentration was used as an alternative indicator of vitamin K deficiency. There was a significant negative correlation between serum undercarboxylated osteocalcin and mean Chao1 index in cases of low activity. The diversity of the gut microbiota was significantly lower, and Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae were significantly decreased in the vitamin K-deficient group in comparison to the vitamin K-normal group. Taken together, these data suggested the significance of investigating the gut microbiota even in patients with clinically inactive CD for improving patients’ vitamin K status.

Gut microbiome dysbiosis alleviates the progression of osteoarthritis in mice

“…In addition, osteocalcin has a role in bone remodelling based on its found that the diversity of the gut microbiota affects the serum level of osteocalcin in patients [69]. This means that the occurrence of osteoporosis causes uneven cartilage stress, which further aggravates joint and cartilage damage, increasing the severity of knee osteoarthritis [57].…”

Potential efficacy of gut microbiome dysbiosis on alleviation the progress of osteoarthritis in mice

“…The role of osteocalcin in bone remodeling, speci c expression and regulation in osteoblasts which is important biomarker in osteoporosis and level of reduced Osteocalcin expression were maintained in human osteoarthritic chondrocytes and represented a suitable biomarker of osteoarthritic chondrocyte activation [63]. Wagatsuma et.al found that diversity of gut microbiota affecting serum level of osteocalcin in patient [64]. It is means that the occurrence of osteoporosis causes uneven cartilage stress, which further aggravates joints and cartilage damage which make knee osteoarthritis more serious [57].At the same time, the exacerbation of osteoarthritis reduces the activity of mice and reduces stress stimuli which further aggravated osteoporosis [58].…”

Targeted Nutrition in Chronic Disease

“…The present Special Issue on “Targeted Nutrition in Chronic Disease” includes three reviews [ 2 , 3 , 4 ] and seven original research articles [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ]. A meta-analysis on coffee intake and obesity suggested that higher coffee intake was associated with modestly lower body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference in men but not in women [ 2 ].…”

“…Likewise, it has been suggested that vitamin K is involved in bone mineral density and chronic disease development. The bacterial flora in the gut may contribute to the maintenance of vitamin K, and in this Special Issue, Wagatsuma et al demonstrated that vitamin K deficiency in patients with clinically inactive Crohn’s disease reduced the diversity of the gut microbiota [ 7 ]. The authors concluded that the composition of the gut microbiota was similar to that in patients with active Crohn’s disease [ 7 ].…”

“…The bacterial flora in the gut may contribute to the maintenance of vitamin K, and in this Special Issue, Wagatsuma et al demonstrated that vitamin K deficiency in patients with clinically inactive Crohn’s disease reduced the diversity of the gut microbiota [ 7 ]. The authors concluded that the composition of the gut microbiota was similar to that in patients with active Crohn’s disease [ 7 ]. These results warrant further study to investigate if nutritional supplementation could correct vitamin K deficiency and dysbiosis.…”