Diversity of Glycosyl Hydrolase Enzymes from Metagenome and Their Application in Food Industry

Abstract

Traditional use of enzymes for food processing and production of food ingredients resulted in fast-growing enzyme industries world over. The advances in technologies gave rise to exploring newer enzymes and/or modified enzymes for specific application. Search for novel enzymes that can augment catalytic efficiency and advances in molecular biology techniques including sequencing has targeted microbial diversity through metagenomic approaches for sourcing enzymes from difficult to culture organisms. Such mining studies have received more attention in characterizing hydrolases, their prevalence, broad substrate specificities, stability, and independence of cofactors. The focus on glycosyl hydrolases from metagenome for their application in food sector is reviewed.

Enzyme-assisted extraction of bioactive compounds from bay leaves (Laurus nobilis L.)

“…Bearing in mind that commercial preparations of cellulase and hemicellulase were endowed with a ␤-glycosidase activities (Pogorzelski and Wilkowska, 2007;Sathya and Khan, 2014), it seems logical to suggest that a part of these components was generated by enzymatic or chemical transformations during pretreatment and/or they were glycosidically bounded. To investigate whether enzyme treatment induces transformations of volatile components or liberates bound volatiles, two additional experiments were undertaken.…”

Mechanoenzymatic Transformations in the Absence of Bulk Water: A More Natural Way of Using Enzymes

“…Cellulases are often secreted in the environmentb ym icroorganisms such as bacteria, fungi and protozoa for the degradation of biomassc ellulosei nto simple sugarst hat can penetrate cells and be used as nutrients. [129] Althoughn ot the sole en- ChemBioChem 2020, 21,742 -758 www.chembiochem.org zymes responsible for cellulose degradation,c ellulases include enzymesw ith three different types of activity:e ndoglucanase, exoglucanase and b-glucosidase ( Figure 4). As glycosyl hydrolases, these enzymes use water,o ften only presenta sm oisture on the surfaceo fc ellulose-containing materials.…”

Functional Applications of Lignocellulolytic Enzymes in the Fruit and Vegetable Processing Industries

“…Family numbers 61 and 74 were also proposed owing to a cellulase like activity (Zhang and Zhang ). In cellulose hydrolysis, endoglucanase (EG) and exoglucanase (CBG) enzymes 1st work synergistically to transform cellulose into small cellooligosaccharides, and then β‐glucosidase (BG) hydrolyzes the cello‐oligosaccharides into simple sugars or glucoses (Sathya and Khan ; Sindhu and others ).…”