Diversity of filamentous fungi associated with Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) and its galleries in berries of Coffea canephora (Pierre)

Abstract

Field sampling was carried out in Ouro Preto d'Oeste - Rondônia (10 degrees 45'S and 62 degrees 15'W) to evaluate the mycobiota associated with Hypothenemus hampei Ferrari [cuticle, mouth, prothorax (mycangia), gut and feces] and its galleries on berries of Coffea canephora Pierre. Ten genera (201 isolates) were directly related with the insect while five genera (20 isolates) were related with galleries on berries. All the genera identified in the insects were also present in their galleries, what indicates that boring may be an active way of fungi inoculation by H. hampei. The fungi genera were more diverse in the mouth and prothorax of borers, and lower in feces. Fusarium, Penicillium and Geotrichum, with abundance of 55.7, 24.3 and 10.8%, respectively, were dominant genera. In the galleries Fusarium, Geotrichum, Trichoderma and Aspergillus with abundance of 33.3, 29.6, 18.5 and 14.8%, respectively, were dominant genera. The overall presence of Fusarium in coffee berry borer and its galleries) reinforces previous indications of a close interaction between H. hampei-Fusarium. The presence of Aspergillus and Penicillium emphasizes the possibility of "ochratoxin dispersion" by the borer. This work provides the first record of the mycobiota associated with H. hampei in C. canephora. Among the identified genera, Cephalosporium, Geotrichum and Oidiodendrum were recorded for the first time in association with H. hampei and its galleries in C. canephora.

Fusarium oxysporum dispersion by larvae of Cyclocephala modesta, Dyscinetus gagates and Diloboderus abderus in Brazil

“…The authors indicated the possibility that dispersion and inoculation of fungi by beetles occurred through boring because Trichoderma spp. was isolated exclusively from the mouth parts of H. hampei (GAMA et al, 2006).…”

“…In the laboratory of phytopathology at the UFSM, Melolonthidae larvae were superficially disinfected and rinsed in sterile distilled water, dissected and separated in parts: month parts, prothorax, cuticule, and digestive tract (alimentary canal) which were then placed in the eppendorf tubes containing 100mL of 0.85% saline solution (GAMA et al, 2006). Afterwards, larvae parts in saline solution were added to petri dishes with PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar) media and incubated in a growth chamber at 25.6ºC and photoperiod of 12h for seven days (SALGADO-NETO et al, 2015).…”

“…(KUMAR et al, 1998); Triatoma sp. (MORALES-RAMOS et al, 2000) and Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari) (MORALES RAMOS et al, 2000;GAMA et al, 2006). Considering the increase of white grubs (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae) and the lack of information related to the geographical distribution of root phytopathogens and soil insects as dispersers and/ or inoculators, this study aims to identify and evaluate qualitatively and quantitatively the dispersion of root phytopathogen inoculi in soy crops.…”

Dispersion of the soybean root rot by Cycloneda sanguinea (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

“…(Coleoptera: Curculionidae) 11 , Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar) (Blattodea: Rhinotermitidae) 12 , Diabrotica speciosa (Germar) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) 13 , Spodoptera littorallis (Boisduval) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) 14 , Xyleborus fornicatus (Eichhorn) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) 15 , Triatoma sp. (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) 16 , 17 , Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) 16 , 18 , Cyclocephala modesta Burm, Dyscinetus gagates Burm, and Diloboderus abderus Sturm (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) 5 .…”

“…Larvae of C. sanguinea feed voraciously on aphids, ingesting fluid from their body, while adults devour the aphids completely 19 , 20 . This insect is a predator of Aphis gossypii Glover, Aphis papaveris Fabricius, Hyadaphis foeniculi, Hyalopterus pruni Geoffroy, Macrosiphum euphorbiae Thomas, Macrosiphum rosae Linnaeus, Macrosiphum persicae Sulzer, Ropalosiphum maidis Fitch, Toxoptera aurantii (Boyer de Fonscolombe) and Schizaphis graminum Rondani (Aphididae) 3 , 18 – 22 .…”