Diversity of Entomopathogenic Fungi

Araújo, João P. M.; Hughes, David

doi:10.1016/bs.adgen.2016.01.001

Cited by 146 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 120 publications

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“…Entomopathogenic fungi do not form one monophyletic group. Thus far, 12 species of Oomycetes, 65 species of Chytridiomycota, 339 species of Microsporidia, 474 species of Entomophtoromycota, 238 species of Basidiomycota, and 476 species of Ascomycota have been reported (Araújo and Hughes 2016). Species belonging to Ascomycota and Entomophtoromycota occur most frequently in nature.…”

Section: Entomopathogenic Fungi-short Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Entomopathogenic fungi: unconventional applications

Litwin

Nowak

Różalska

2020

Rev Environ Sci Biotechnol

129

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Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) are microorganisms that cause fatal diseases of arthropods. The infection process involves several stages that consist of direct contact of the fungus with the surface of the cuticle of the attacked insect. The factors that determine the effectiveness of the infection process include lytic enzymes, secondary metabolites, and adhesins produced by EPF. Because of their high insecticidal effectiveness, these fungi are commonly used as biopesticides in organic farming. As the environment and farmlands are contaminated with many compounds of anthropogenic origin (e.g., pesticides), the effects of these toxic compounds on EPF and the mechanisms that affect their survival in such a toxic environment have been studied in recent years. This review presents information on the capacity of EPF to remove toxic contaminants, including alkylphenols, organotin compounds, synthetic estrogens, pesticides and hydrocarbons. Moreover, these fungi produce numerous secondary metabolites that can be potentially used in medicine or as antimicrobial agents. Despite their huge potential in biocontrol processes, the use of EPF has been underestimated due to a lack of knowledge on their abilities. In our work, we have presented the available data on the possibilities of the additional and unconventional use of these microorganisms.

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Section: Entomopathogenic Fungi-short Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Entomopathogenic fungi: unconventional applications

Litwin

Nowak

Różalska

2020

Rev Environ Sci Biotechnol

129

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“…Macrofungi were identified as morphospecies with the aid of monographs and guides books [7,9,10,16,24,26,29] according to the specimens' macro-and micro-morphological characteristics. Macrofungal nomenclature followed that of the Index Fungorum.…”

Section: Macrofungal Identification and Classification Of Substratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Substrate Preference Determines Macrofungal Biogeography in the Greater Mekong Sub-Region

Mortimer

et al. 2019

Forests

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The availability and the quality of substrates are important drivers of macrofungal biogeography, and thus macrofungal species occurrence is potentially dependent on the availability of different substrates. However, few studies have explored the properties of macrofungal substrates and assessed the relationship between macrofungal diversity and substrate diversity at a landscape level. To address this issue, we conducted a landscape-scale survey of basidiocarp substrates in the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS). A total of 957 macrofungal species distributed across 73 families and 189 genera were collected. Substrates of these macrofungi were categorized into four main groups (namely, litter, soil, root, and rare substrates) and referenced into 14 sub-substrate types (such as branches, leaves, and fruit). The results revealed that 50% of the observed macrofungal species were symbiotrophs living in ectomycorrhizal association with plant hosts, 30% were saprotrophs decomposing plant litter, 15% lived in soil organic matter, and 5% lived in rare substrates. The most abundant root symbiotic fungi were members of Russula, whereas most litter saprotrophic fungi belonged to Marasmius. Macrofungi commonly favored a single substrate. This specificity was not affected by changes in vegetation or climate. Less than 1% of macrofungi (e.g., Marasmius aff. maximus) could live on multiple substrates. Most of these unusual macrofungi were characterized as highly mobile and were generally found in successional areas. In secondary forests, our survey indicated that significant correlations exist between substrate preference and taxonomic diversity, reflected as higher substrate diversity generally accompanied by higher macrofungal diversity. In conclusion, substrate preference is an important factor driving macrofungal composition and distribution in the GMS. Macrofungi that thrive on multiple substrates constitute pioneer groups that have an important role in establishing macrofungal communities in new habitats. These observations have furthered our understanding of how substrate preferences could explain macrofungal biogeography.

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“…It is a big hypocrealean genus, comprising more than 400 spp. that parasitise numerous orders of insects, including spiders, in majority (Araújo and Hughes 2016; Shrestha et al 2016). Cordyceps Fr.…”

Section: Phylogenetic Classification Of Cordycepsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current nomenclatural changes inCordyceps sensu latoand its multidisciplinary impacts

Shrestha¹,

Sung

Sung³

2017

Mycology

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Innumerable name changes have occurred in Cordyceps and allied taxa, after the phylogenetic classification of Cordyceps, coupled by the application of one fungus one name after the amendment of ICN. Complying with one fungus one name, many generic names have been protected for monophyletic clades in Clavicipitaceae and Ophiocordycipitaceae that have made tremendous transfer of Cordyceps spp. to both sexual and asexual genera. Species compositions of the accepted genera Ophiocordyceps, Tolypocladium, Metarhizium, Perennicordyceps, Polycephalomyces and Purpureocillium are briefly discussed to update the readers with the current placements of Cordyceps spp. Some examples of frequent name changes of Cordyceps spp. are also mentioned, with reference to use of older scientific names in non-mycological publications.

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Diversity of Entomopathogenic Fungi

Cited by 146 publications

References 120 publications

Entomopathogenic fungi: unconventional applications

Entomopathogenic fungi: unconventional applications

Substrate Preference Determines Macrofungal Biogeography in the Greater Mekong Sub-Region

Current nomenclatural changes inCordyceps sensu latoand its multidisciplinary impacts

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